Pixel offsets bias (in the horizontal direction) for different PRNU RSD. The maps show the difference between the pixel offsets found after processing and the solution of the simulation, for PRNU RSD of 5 × 10^-5a), and 2 × 10^-3b). The residuals for a) are at the photon noise floor, while a stronger systematic bias of 1 × 10^-4 pixel is visible for b). Both have the same photon noise.