Overview of the radio continuum structures of Mrk 231 ranging from tens of kpc to the inner tens of pc regions (at the distance of Mrk 231 1′′ corresponds to 0.867 kpc). The images, taken from Ulvestad et al. (1999), Carilli et al. (1998), Taylor et al. (1999; ©AAS, reproduced with permission), show the presence of different structures, see text for details. The disk-like structure (panel 2b) aligned almost E–W was detected after the subtraction of the brighter nuclear structure (panel 3). For details, see description in the text.