Upper left: simulated cumulative distribution of two planetary samples at 5 Gyr (lower solid green line) and 100 Myr (upper solid cyan line). The double dotted line is the computed cumulative radius distribution at 100 Myr, assuming volatile-poor planets. Top right: observed cumulative distributions of radius at 100 Myr (upper solid cyan line) at 5 Gyr (lower solid green line). The set of red lines are the computed cumulative radius distribution at 100 Myr assuming volatile-poor planets. Middle line left and right: same as upper left and right panels, but assuming 500 planets are observed instead of 100 planets. Lower left and right: same as upper left and right panels, but assuming an equilibrium temperature of 1000 K.