Isotopic ratios of H, C, N, O, and S in comets C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) and C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy)

N. Biver; R. Moreno; D. Bockelée-Morvan; Aa. Sandqvist; P. Colom; J. Crovisier; D. C. Lis; J. Boissier; V. Debout; G. Paubert; S. Milam; A. Hjalmarson; S. Lundin; T. Karlsson; M. Battelino; U. Frisk; D. Murtagh

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201528041

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Volume 589 (May 2016)

A&A, 589 (2016) A78

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Table A.1

Circumstances of IRAM observations and reference parameters.

UT date	⟨ r_h ⟩	⟨ Δ ⟩	Integ. time	Freq. range	v_exp	T_kin	Q_H₂O ^b,c	Q _CH₃OH
(yyyy/mm/dd.d–dd.d)	(AU)	(AU)	(min)^a	(GHz)	(km s^-1)	(K)	(molec s^-1)	(molec s^-1)

Comet C/2012 F6 (Lemmon):
2013/03/14.52–14.55	0.758	1.348	26	249-256, 264-272	1.10	110	~ 10 × 10²⁹	2.1 ± 0.1 × 10²⁸
2013/03/14.57–14.59	0.758	1.349	20	240-248, 256-264	1.10	110	~ 10 × 10²⁹	2.3 ± 0.1 × 10²⁸
2013/03/15.52–15.57	0.753	1.362	21	249-256, 264-272	1.10	110	~ 10 × 10²⁹	1.7 ± 0.2 × 10²⁸
2013/03/15.58–15.59	0.753	1.362	14	210-218, 226-234	1.10	110	~ 10 × 10²⁹
2013/03/18.53–18.55	0.741	1.400	17	249-256, 264-272	1.10	110	~ 10 × 10²⁹	1.6 ± 0.2 × 10²⁸
2013/03/18.55–18.59	0.741	1.400	20	240-248, 256-264	1.10	110	~ 10 × 10²⁹	2.1 ± 0.1 × 10²⁸
2013/04/06.40–06.51	0.776	1.592	69	249-256, 264-272	1.00	100	~ 9 × 10²⁹	1.5 ± 0.1 × 10²⁸
2013/04/06.53–06.60	0.776	1.592	54	240-248, 256-264	1.00	100	~ 9 × 10²⁹	1.4 ± 0.1 × 10²⁸
2013/04/07.49–07.52	0.783	1.600	20	249-256, 264-272	1.00	100	~ 9 × 10²⁹	1.6 ± 0.2 × 10²⁸
2013/04/07.53–07.59	0.783	1.600	58	210-218, 226-234	1.00	100	~ 9 × 10²⁹	1.2 ± 0.4 × 10²⁸
2013/04/08.43–08.50	0.790	1.606	62	85-93, 166-170	1.00	100	~ 9 × 10²⁹	1.5 ± 0.1 × 10²⁸
2013/04/08.51–08.54	0.790	1.606	28	249-256, 264-272	1.00	100	~ 9 × 10²⁹	1.5 ± 0.1 × 10²⁸
2013/04/08.55–08.59	0.791	1.607	36	218-226, 234-242	1.00	100	~ 9 × 10²⁹	1.7 ± 0.2 × 10²⁸
Comet C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy):
2015/01/13.75–13.77	1.314	0.496	14	249-256, 264-272	0.80	73	5 × 10²⁹	1.17 ± 0.03 × 10²⁸
2015/01/13.79–13.84	1.314	0.497	29	210-218, 225-233	0.80	73	5 × 10²⁹	1.25 ± 0.07 × 10²⁸
2015/01/13.85–13.88	1.313	0.497	29	240-248, 256-264	0.80	73	5 × 10²⁹	1.25 ± 0.02 × 10²⁸
2015/01/15.82–15.83	1.308	0.516	13	249-256, 264-272	0.80	73	5 × 10²⁹	1.18 ± 0.04 × 10²⁸
2015/01/15.85–15.96	1.308	0.516	105	240-248, 256-264	0.80	73	5 × 10²⁹	1.42 ± 0.02 × 10²⁸
2015/01/16.76–16.78	1.306	0.526	14	249-256, 264-272	0.80	73	5 × 10²⁹	1.14 ± 0.01 × 10²⁸
2015/01/16.81–16.95	1.306	0.527	120	240-248, 256-264	0.80	73	5 × 10²⁹	1.17 ± 0.02 × 10²⁸
2015/01/23.72–23.75	1.294	0.624	36	240-248, 256-264	0.80	73	6 × 10²⁹	1.48 ± 0.03 × 10²⁸
2015/01/24.73–24.75	1.293	0.641	14	226-234, 241-249	0.80	73	6 × 10²⁹	1.27 ± 0.06 × 10²⁸
2015/01/25.71–25.75	1.292	0.658	42	210-218, 225-233	0.80	73	6 × 10²⁹	1.00 ± 0.04 × 10²⁸
2015/01/26.74–26.75	1.291	0.675	6	85-93, 101-109	0.80	73	7 × 10²⁹	1.99 ± 0.20 × 10²⁸

Notes.

^(a)

On nucleus pointings only.

^(b)

For comet Lemmon, Combi et al. (2014) provide Q_H₂O values in the range 7−12 × 10²⁹ molec s^-1 during this period. Contemporaneous SWAN measurements are slightly lower than quoted here, but they were not time-deconvolved and the average values measured by SWAN a few days later are within 10% of those given here. Given our measured Q_CH₃OH (Col. 9), Q_H₂O are also in agreement with the measurement of Paganini et al. (2014) as they yield the same Q_CH₃OH/Q_H₂O ratio. Nançay observations are also compatible with these Q_H₂O although the quenching of the OH maser is poorly constrained and the uncertainty on Q_OH is very large.

^(c)

For comet Lovejoy, Q_H₂O are based on Odin and Nançay data (see text and Biver et al. 2015).

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