Table A.1
Circumstances of IRAM observations and reference parameters.
UT date | ⟨ rh ⟩ | ⟨ Δ ⟩ | Integ. time | Freq. range | vexp | Tkin | QH2O b,c | Q CH3OH |
(yyyy/mm/dd.d–dd.d) | (AU) | (AU) | (min)a | (GHz) | (km s-1) | (K) | (molec s-1) | (molec s-1) |
|
||||||||
Comet C/2012 F6 (Lemmon): | ||||||||
2013/03/14.52–14.55 | 0.758 | 1.348 | 26 | 249-256, 264-272 | 1.10 | 110 | ~ 10 × 1029 | 2.1 ± 0.1 × 1028 |
2013/03/14.57–14.59 | 0.758 | 1.349 | 20 | 240-248, 256-264 | 1.10 | 110 | ~ 10 × 1029 | 2.3 ± 0.1 × 1028 |
2013/03/15.52–15.57 | 0.753 | 1.362 | 21 | 249-256, 264-272 | 1.10 | 110 | ~ 10 × 1029 | 1.7 ± 0.2 × 1028 |
2013/03/15.58–15.59 | 0.753 | 1.362 | 14 | 210-218, 226-234 | 1.10 | 110 | ~ 10 × 1029 | |
2013/03/18.53–18.55 | 0.741 | 1.400 | 17 | 249-256, 264-272 | 1.10 | 110 | ~ 10 × 1029 | 1.6 ± 0.2 × 1028 |
2013/03/18.55–18.59 | 0.741 | 1.400 | 20 | 240-248, 256-264 | 1.10 | 110 | ~ 10 × 1029 | 2.1 ± 0.1 × 1028 |
2013/04/06.40–06.51 | 0.776 | 1.592 | 69 | 249-256, 264-272 | 1.00 | 100 | ~ 9 × 1029 | 1.5 ± 0.1 × 1028 |
2013/04/06.53–06.60 | 0.776 | 1.592 | 54 | 240-248, 256-264 | 1.00 | 100 | ~ 9 × 1029 | 1.4 ± 0.1 × 1028 |
2013/04/07.49–07.52 | 0.783 | 1.600 | 20 | 249-256, 264-272 | 1.00 | 100 | ~ 9 × 1029 | 1.6 ± 0.2 × 1028 |
2013/04/07.53–07.59 | 0.783 | 1.600 | 58 | 210-218, 226-234 | 1.00 | 100 | ~ 9 × 1029 | 1.2 ± 0.4 × 1028 |
2013/04/08.43–08.50 | 0.790 | 1.606 | 62 | 85-93, 166-170 | 1.00 | 100 | ~ 9 × 1029 | 1.5 ± 0.1 × 1028 |
2013/04/08.51–08.54 | 0.790 | 1.606 | 28 | 249-256, 264-272 | 1.00 | 100 | ~ 9 × 1029 | 1.5 ± 0.1 × 1028 |
2013/04/08.55–08.59 | 0.791 | 1.607 | 36 | 218-226, 234-242 | 1.00 | 100 | ~ 9 × 1029 | 1.7 ± 0.2 × 1028 |
Comet C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy): | ||||||||
2015/01/13.75–13.77 | 1.314 | 0.496 | 14 | 249-256, 264-272 | 0.80 | 73 | 5 × 1029 | 1.17 ± 0.03 × 1028 |
2015/01/13.79–13.84 | 1.314 | 0.497 | 29 | 210-218, 225-233 | 0.80 | 73 | 5 × 1029 | 1.25 ± 0.07 × 1028 |
2015/01/13.85–13.88 | 1.313 | 0.497 | 29 | 240-248, 256-264 | 0.80 | 73 | 5 × 1029 | 1.25 ± 0.02 × 1028 |
2015/01/15.82–15.83 | 1.308 | 0.516 | 13 | 249-256, 264-272 | 0.80 | 73 | 5 × 1029 | 1.18 ± 0.04 × 1028 |
2015/01/15.85–15.96 | 1.308 | 0.516 | 105 | 240-248, 256-264 | 0.80 | 73 | 5 × 1029 | 1.42 ± 0.02 × 1028 |
2015/01/16.76–16.78 | 1.306 | 0.526 | 14 | 249-256, 264-272 | 0.80 | 73 | 5 × 1029 | 1.14 ± 0.01 × 1028 |
2015/01/16.81–16.95 | 1.306 | 0.527 | 120 | 240-248, 256-264 | 0.80 | 73 | 5 × 1029 | 1.17 ± 0.02 × 1028 |
2015/01/23.72–23.75 | 1.294 | 0.624 | 36 | 240-248, 256-264 | 0.80 | 73 | 6 × 1029 | 1.48 ± 0.03 × 1028 |
2015/01/24.73–24.75 | 1.293 | 0.641 | 14 | 226-234, 241-249 | 0.80 | 73 | 6 × 1029 | 1.27 ± 0.06 × 1028 |
2015/01/25.71–25.75 | 1.292 | 0.658 | 42 | 210-218, 225-233 | 0.80 | 73 | 6 × 1029 | 1.00 ± 0.04 × 1028 |
2015/01/26.74–26.75 | 1.291 | 0.675 | 6 | 85-93, 101-109 | 0.80 | 73 | 7 × 1029 | 1.99 ± 0.20 × 1028 |
Notes.
For comet Lemmon, Combi et al. (2014) provide QH2O values in the range 7−12 × 1029 molec s-1 during this period. Contemporaneous SWAN measurements are slightly lower than quoted here, but they were not time-deconvolved and the average values measured by SWAN a few days later are within 10% of those given here. Given our measured QCH3OH (Col. 9), QH2O are also in agreement with the measurement of Paganini et al. (2014) as they yield the same QCH3OH/QH2O ratio. Nançay observations are also compatible with these QH2O although the quenching of the OH maser is poorly constrained and the uncertainty on QOH is very large.
For comet Lovejoy, QH2O are based on Odin and Nançay data (see text and Biver et al. 2015).
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