Table 1

Gas- and dust-mass ejection per orbit.

Line n Half/full orbit Mass ejected 1996 2002 2009

1 half Period 1.H2O SWAN measurements (kg) 8.59e+08 8.71e+08 8.38e+08
2 half Period 2. H2O complement to 1.4 AU (kg) 1.17e+08 3.57e+08 2.71e+07
3 = 1 + 2 half H2O mass from perihelion to 1.4 AU (kg) 9.76e+08 1.23e+09 8.65e+08
4 half Period 3. H2O estimate for 1.4 Rh 2.6 AU (kg) 2.37e+08 2.37e+08 2.37e+08
5 = 1 + 2 + 4 half Total H2O mass from perihelion to 2.6 AU (kg) 1.21e+09 1.46e+09 1.10e+09
6 = 5 × 1.45 half Total gas mass from perihelion to 2.6 AU (kg) 1.76e+09 2.12e+09 1.60e+09
7 half Period 4: gas from COPS for 2.6 Rh 3.6 AU (kg) 3.08e+07 3.08e+07 3.08e+07
8 half Period 5: dust measurements for 3.6 Rh 4.4 AU (kg) 1.73e+08 1.73e+08 1.73e+08
9 = 6 + 7 half Total gas from perihelion to 3.6 AU (kg) 1.79e+09 2.16e+09 1.63e+09
10 = 2(2 × 9 + 8) full Total dust hyp 1 Dust/gas = 2 (kg) 7.51e+09 8.97e+09 6.87e+09
11 = 2(6 × 9 + 8) full Total dust hyp 2 Dust/gas = 6 (kg) 2.18e+10 2.62e+10 1.99e+10
12 = 2(8/2) full Period 5: gas (kg) Hyp 1 Dust/gas = 2 3.6 Rh 4.4 AU 1.74e+08 1.74e+08 1.74e+08
13 = 2(8/6) full Period 5: gas (kg) Hyp 2 Dust/gas = 6 3.6 Rh 4.4 AU 5.8e+07 5.8e+07 5.8e+07
14 = 2 × 9 + 12 + 10 full Total mass gas+dust dust hyp 1 (kg) 1.13e+10 1.35e+10 1.03e+10
15 = 2 × 9 + 13 + 11 full Total mass gas+dust dust hyp 2 (kg) 2.55e+10 3.06e+10 2.32e+10
16 = 14/density full Volume 1 (m3) 2.4e+07 2.86e+07 2.19e+07
17 = 15/density full Volume 2 (m3) 5.42e+07 6.51e+07 4.94e+07
18 = 16/area full Thickness 1 (m) 0.50 0.60 0.46
19 = 17/area full Thickness 2 (m) 1.14 1.37 1.04
20 full Total H2O mass (kg) 2.5–2.6e+9 3.0–3.1e+9 2.3–2.4 e+9

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