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Table 1
Symbols used in this paper for various physical quantities, with the corresponding SI units.
| Symbol | Units | Description |
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| λ | m | Wavelength |
| s | m | Distance along a path |
| V | m3 | Volume |
| M | kg | Dust mass |
| T | K | Temperature |
| τ | s | Interaction timescale |
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| ρ | kg m-3 | Dust mass density |
| σ abs,sca,ext | m2 | Cross section (absorption, scattering, or extinction) |
|
H | Number of hydrogen atoms |
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H m-3 | Hydrogen atom number density |
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kg H-1 | Dust mass per hydrogen atom |
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m2 H-1 | Cross section per hydrogen atom (absorption, scattering, or extinction) |
| κ = σ/M = ς/μ | m2 kg-1 | Mass coefficient (absorption, scattering, or extinction) |
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| a | m | Dust grain size |
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1 | Number of dust grains |
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m-3 | Dust grain number density |
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m-1 H-1 | Dust grain size distribution per hydrogen atom |
| Q abs,sca,ext | 1 | Efficiency (absorption, scattering, or extinction) |
| ρ bulk | kg m-3 | Bulk mass density of grain material |
| c | J K-1 kg-1 | Specific heat capacity of grain material |
| h | J kg-1 | Specific enthalpy (internal energy per unit mass) |
| H | J | Enthalpy (internal energy) of a dust grain |
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| J | W m-3 sr-1 | Mean spectral radiance (intensity of radiation field) |
| B | W m-3 sr-1 | Black-body spectral radiance (Planck’s law) |
| U | 1 | Radiation field strength relative to solar neighborhood |
| j | W m-1 sr-1 | Spectral dust emission |
|
W m-1 sr-1 H-1 | Spectral dust emission per hydrogen atom |
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