Logarithmic density (left) and radial velocity (right) as a function of distance from the planet’s center for the isotropic outflow model used to initialize the 3D wind simulation for a “light” hot Jupiter (M_° = 0.5 M_J, R_° = 1.5 R_J). The symbols “+” and “×” denote, respectively, the high- and low-flux cases (modeled with T_° = 10⁴ K and T_° = 6 × 10³ K, respectively). The solid and dashed lines are from the corresponding 1D simulations that take into account the relevant heating and cooling processes (see text for details).