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Table 1

Summary of experiments.

Ion E Sea Sn/Se Ice T Ice film Projected σ 1/Kd Ys Reference
thicknessb rangec /exp.
(MeV) (eV/Å) (x10-3) (K) (μm) (μm) (104Å2) (eV/H2O) (H2O/ion) date
Ni26+ 3640 62.85 0.42 13.6 0.39 3.4 x103 0.16 ± 0.12 1.25 –e 27-03-2014
40 0.62 3.4 x103 0.28 ± 0.14 0.72 –e 27-03-2014
Ne6+ 19.6 143.1 1.24 15 0.45 16.1 0.62 ± 0.09 0.74 –e 09-06-2012
Kr31+ 819 409.3 0.65 77 0.22 175 1.65 ± 0.26 0.79 –e 11-11-2014
Ni11+ 46.0 461.5 2.8 13.6 0.10 19.4 1.9 ± 1.2 0.78 2610 ± 1500 03-05-2014
77 0.10 19.4 2.65 ± 2.0 0.56 3060 ± 1690 02-05-2014
100 0.11 19.4 1.8 ± 0.73 0.82 3200 ± 1080 03-05-2014
125 0.23 19.4 1.14 ± 0.23 1.30 9100 ± 2400 03-05-2014
Ta24+ 81 793.5 15.9 13.6 0.58 20.3 5.02 ± 2.97 0.51 17 400 ± 11 800 23-09-2011

Notes. E – incident ion energy; Se – electronic stopping power; Sn – nuclear stopping power; T – ice temperature; σ – compact amorphisation cross-section; K-1 – compact amorphisation dose; Ys – sputtering yield.

(a)

The values are based on SRIM/TRIM calculations (Ziegler et al. 2010) for pure ice. The density considered for the crystalline ice is 0.93 g/cm3 (Feistel & Wagner 2006).

(b)

Approximate thickness assuming a band strength value of 2.7 × 10-16 cm/molecule for the crystalline-ice stretching mode.

(c)

Calculated for a hypothetical semi-infinite ice target.

(d)

K-1 = Se/(σn), in eV/molecule.

(e)

Insufficient signal-to-noise or fluence to provide a meaningful number.

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