Fig. 5

Radii and masses of the three planets and host-star-projected RV amplitudes as functions of the inclination. We assume a Bond albedo αB = 0.10 and an average temperature contrast between night and day sides β = 0.2; that is, approximately the values observed on Mercury. Only in the upper panels do we also show the opposite (less likely) extreme case with αB = 0.90 and β = 1.0 (isothermal surface). The shaded regions (red in the electronic version) in the upper panels represent excluded domains due to the absence of eclipses. Radii, masses, and stellar RV amplitudes for Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, the Earth, and Kepler-36b, which has an estimated mean density of 7.5 g/cm3 (Carter et al. 2012), are indicated for comparison. The central and lower panels show three different curves with different mean densities: 1.3 (Jupiter), 5.5 (Earth), and 13.75 g/cm3 (2.5× Earth, corresponding to the mean density of a 100% iron planet with Earth radius, Valencia et al. 2010, Fig. 4). If KIC 10001893 b,c,d are the remnants of one or more massive planets, they could have a high density corresponding to the iron-rich cores of their Jovian progenitors.
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