Table A.1
Stellar content of Galactic young massive clusters.
Cluster/ | Age | Mass | B[e] | O2-6Ia(+)/ | O7-9 I/ | LBV/BHG/ | YHG | RSG | WN | WC/ | Reference |
Complex | (Myr) | (10![]() |
WN6-9ha | B0-9 I | WN9-11h | WO | |||||
|
|||||||||||
Pismis 24 | <1–2 | – | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
NGC 3603 | 1–2 | 10–16 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2, 3, 4 |
IC 1805 | 1–3 | – | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5, 6 |
Westerlund 2 | <2.5 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7, 8 |
NGC 6611 | 2–3 | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9, 10 |
Arches | 2–4 | >10 | 0 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
Mercer 23 | 2–4 | 3–5 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
Havlen-Moffat 1 | 2–4 | – | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
DBS2003 179 | 2–5 | >7 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13, 14 |
NGC 6823 | 2–7 | – | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
Ruprecht 44 | 2.1–3.5 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Berkeley 86 | 2.5–3.4 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Cl1806-20 | 3–4 | >3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 15 |
Glimpse 30 | 3–4.5 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 16 |
VVV CL011 | 3–7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 |
Quartet | 3–8 | 1.3–5.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18 |
Berkeley 87 | ~3.2 | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1? | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Quintuplet | 3.3–3.6 | >10 | 0 | 1 | ? | 8 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 19, 20, 21 |
Pismis 20 | 3.6–6.0 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Mercer 81 |
![]() |
10 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22, 23 |
Cl1813-178 | 4–4.5 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 24 |
Bochum 7 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 25, 26 |
VVV CL009 | 4–6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 |
VVV CL074 | 4–6 | >2.5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 17 |
VVV CL099 | 4–6 | >1.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 17 |
NGC 6913 | 4–6 | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5, 27 |
Westerlund 1 | ~5 | ~100 | 1 | 0 | >100 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 14 | 8 | 25, 28, 29 |
NGC 6604 | 5 ± 2 | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30, 31 |
VVV CL036 | 5–7 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 17 |
DBS2003 45 | 5–8 | >2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32 |
Gal. Centre | 6 | >10 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 14 | 33, 34 |
NGC 6910 | 6 ± 2 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35 |
Glimpse 20 | 6–8 | 3.4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18 |
NGC 7235 | 6–11 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3, 36 |
VVV CL073 | <7 | >1.4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 17 |
Markarian 50 | ~7.4 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
NGC 3293 | 8 ± 1 | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 37, 38 |
NGC 2414 | 9 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39, 40 |
IC 2581 | 10 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 |
Ruprecht 55 | 10 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39, 42 |
NGC 654 | >10 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6, 43 |
NGC 4755 | 11 | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37, 44 |
RSGC 1 | 12 ± 2 | 30 ± 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 45 |
Cl1900+14 | 13–15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 46 |
h + χ Per | 14 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 47, 48 |
NGC 7419 | 14 ± 2 | 7–10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 49 |
Mercer 9 | 15–27 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 50 |
RSGC 3 | 16–20 | 30 ± 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 51, 52 |
RSGC 4 | 16–20 | >10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 52 |
RSGC 5 | 16–20 | >10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 53 |
RSGC 6 | 16–20 | >10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 54 |
RSGC 2 | 17 ± 3 | 40 ± 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 55 |
NGC 457 | 20 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 56, 57 |
NGC 2439 | 20 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 58, 59 |
Cyg OB2 | 2–7 | >10 | 1 | 6 | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 60, 61 |
Danks 1+ |
![]() |
8 ± 1.5 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 62 |
Danks 2+ |
![]() |
3 ± 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 62 |
G305 field | – | – | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 62 |
NGC 6231+ | 2.5–5 | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 63 |
Sco OB1 | 2.5–5 | – | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64 |
Trumpler 14 + | 1.5 | – | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1, 65 |
Trumpler 16 + | 2–3 | – | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1, 65 |
Collinder 228 + | |||||||||||
Trumpler 15 + | 6 ± 3 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1, 65 |
Bochum 10 + | 7 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1, 65 |
W 43 | – | – | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66 |
NGC 6871 | 2–4 | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Trumpler 27 | 3–5 | – | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1, 25 |
Total | 2 | 91 | > 251 | 31(+1?) | 9 | 110 | 47 | 54 |
Notes. Breakdown of the stellar content of known Galactic young stellar aggregates (≤20 Myr; clusters and OB associations) ordered approximately by increasing age. Clusters/associations hosting sgB[e] stars given in bold. The upper pannel consists of clusters, the lower of OB associations (broken down where possible into constituent clusters), non-coeval aggregates (ages given in itallics) and the cluster W43, for which no age is given (but its youth is indicated by its associated GH ii region). NGC 3603 appears co-eval with the exception of the two BSGs Sher 23 and 25 which are suggestive of an older (~4 Myr) population. Regarding the GC cluster proper for simplicity we adopt the numbers of stars within the 2 coherent disc-like structures (Paumard et al. 2006) noting that a number of additional WR candidates (but no B[e] stars) have been identified in the surrounds. Classification of the Quintuplet OB supergiants is particularly difficult; via comparison to the Arches we reclassify LH099 as WN7-9ha but of the 84 stars Liermann et al. (2009) list as O stars we are unable to determine accurate spectral types and/or luminosity classes. Following the literature convention we restrict YHGs to spectral types A, F and G. Finally, we assign a tentative classification of LBV to V439 Cyg; a star with an uncertain history which Polcaro & Norci (1998) quote as being identified as respectively “Mira-like”, B3e, a carbon star, B0ep, B1.5 Ve and a candidate LBV over the last ~70 yrs.
Reference. 1Massey et al. (2001); 2Harayama et al. (2008); 3Melena et al. (2008); 4Schnurr et al. (2008); 5Massey et al. (1995); 6Shi & Hu (1999); 7,8Rauw et al. (2007, 2012); 9Hillenbrand et al. (1993); 10Martayan et al. (2008); 11Martins et al. (2008); 12Hanson et l. (2010); 13,14Borissova et al. (2008, 2012); 15Bibby et al. (2008); 16Kurtev et al. (2007); 17Chené et al. (2013); 18Messineo et al. (2009); 19Figer et al. (1999); 20,21Liermann et al. (2009, 2012); 22Davies et al. (2012b); 23de La Fuente et al. (2013); 24Messineo et al. (2011); 25Crowther et al. (2006b); 26Michalska et al. (2013); 27Wang & Hu (2000); 28Clark et al. (2005); 29 Negueruela et al. (2010a); 30Barbon et al. (2000); 31De Becker et al. (2005); 32Zhu et al. (2009); 33Paumard et al. (2006); 34Martins et al. (2007); 35Kolaczkowski et al. (2004); 36Sowell (1987); 37Evans et al. (2005); 38Baume et al. (2003); 39Kharchenko et al. (2005); 40Fitzgerald et al. (1979); 41Turner (1973); 42Bosch et al. (2003); 43Pandey et al. (2005); 44Aidelman et al. (2012); 45,46Davies et al. (2008, 2009); 47Slesnick et al. (2002); 48Currie et al. (2010); 49Marco & Negueruela (2013); 50Messineo et al. (2010); 51Clark et al. (2009); 52Negueruela et al. (2010b); 53Negueruela et al. (2011); 54González-Fernández & Negueruela (2012); 55Davies et al. (2007a); 56Zhang et al. (2012); 57Fitzsimmons et al. (1993); 58Ramsay & Pollacco (1992); 59Kaltcheva et al. (2001); 60Hanson (2003); 61Negueruela et al. (2008); 62Davies et al. (2012a); 63Sana et al. (2006); 64Ankay et al. (2001); 65Smith (2006); 66Blum et al. (1999).
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