Fig. 1

Type II bursts with different characteristics, observed by the Wind WAVES instruments and plotted here in the 14 MHz–100 kHz frequency range. a) A complex type II burst on 19 January 2005 with intermittent emission. b) A type II burst on 23 August 2005 that shows narrow-band emission at fundamental and harmonic plasma frequencies. c) Chaotic, intermittent, and patchy type II burst emission on 22 August 2005. d) A wide-band type II burst on 3 December 2004 (our event No. 16); the width of the emission band is indicated with dashed lines (the frequency of the band center was used for the height calculations, see text for details). All four type II bursts were associated with high-speed halo-type CMEs.
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