Fig. 2

Sketch of the Alfvén wing and its associated dissipation region for idealized stellar wind properties in a frame of reference rotating with the central body. The idealized orientations of the vector fields in the sketch resemble the situation when the radius of the star R⋆ is much larger than the effective radius of the extra solar planet Reff and the angular velocity of the star, the radial distance of the extra solar planet and the stellar wind velocity obey Ω⋆rexo/vsw ≪ 1. The sketch displays the wing at time t and also indicates the time-variability of the wing in the rotating frame. At time t the extra solar planet is situated at a location marked with a brown circle. The extra solar planet in this frame of reference was located at earlier times t − Δt further to the right. The extra solar planet steadily launches Alfvén waves, which travel parallel to B0. The superposition of the wave packets launched at earlier times results in the snapshot of the wing at time t displayed here.
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