Fig. 1
Deuterium fractionation of several molecules assumed to be partly (or mainly) formed on interstellar grain surfaces and observed around low-mass Class 0 protostars. Blue triangles: simple deuteration; red diamonds: double deuteration; green squares: triple deuteration. References: Cosmic D/H: Linsky (2003). H2O: HDO/H2O by Coutens et al. (2012), D2O/H2O by Vastel et al. (2010) towards IRAS 16293. H2S: HDS/H2S by van Dishoeck et al. (1995) towards IRAS 16293, D2S/H2S by Vastel et al. (2003) towards IRAS 4A. NH: ND/NH by Bacmann et al. (2010) towards IRAS 16293. NH3: NH2D/NH3 by van Dishoeck et al. (1995) towards IRAS 16293; NHD2/NH3 by Loinard et al. (2001) towards IRAS 16293, and ND3/NH3 by van der Tak et al. (2002) towards IRAS 4A. H2CO: HDCO/H2CO by van Dishoeck et al. (1995) towards IRAS 16293 and by Parise et al. (2006) towards seven low-mass protostars; D2CO/H2CO by Ceccarelli et al. (1998) and Ceccarelli et al. (2001) towards IRAS 16293 and by Parise et al. (2006) and Roberts & Millar (2007) towards a sample of low-mass protostars. CH3OH: CH2DOH/CH3OH and CHD2OH/CH3OH by Parise et al. (2006) towards seven low-mass protostars, CD3OH/CH3OH by Parise et al. (2004) towards IRAS 16293. HCOOCH3: DCOOCH3/HCOOCH3 by Demyk et al. (2010) towards IRAS 16293.
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