Torque acting on planets with different masses using the formula of Paardekooper et al. (2011). The top plot features a disc with stellar irradiation and viscous heating (constant ν) and the bottom plot a disc with just viscous heating. The colour coding of the torque has been cut off at Γ_tot = −0.00015, so that everything that is black in the figure features a large negative torque. The black lines encircle the regions of outward migration.