Top: as a function of L/M. The triangles are associated with the 3D models. The red line is a power law of the form (L/M)^s with s = 2.6. Bottom: mode mass at ν = ν_max (ℳ_max) as a function of the large separation Δν. The mode masses are evaluated here at the layer corresponding to the optical depth τ _{500 nm} = 0.013 (see text). The triangles are associated with the 3D models. The red line is a power law of the form (Δν/Δν_⊙) ^− p with p = 2.1.