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Fig. 1

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Schematic representation of a supernova exploding in the wind of its parent star. The star of initial mass M explodes with a mass MExp, i.e. it has lost a mass Mwind = M − MExp. The most massive stars become WR stars and their wind expels not only the H-envelope (of mass MEnv, with composition similar to that of the ISM) but also nuclearly processed layers, of mass MProc, i.e. MWind = MEnv + MProc, where MProc = MHeC − MExp and MHeC is the mass of the (H-exhausted) He-core. The star leaves a remnant (neutron star or black hole) of mass MRem; the mass ejected in the SN explosion is MEj = MExp − MRem. Efficient GCR acceleration presumably starts at the beginning of the ST phase, when a mass MS1 ~ MEj is swept up in front of the SN shock wave (which is indicated by arrows).

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