Onset of star formation for the runs with a 10⁷   M_⊙ black hole. In this figure, the star-formation initiation time is plotted against X-ray flux for three different cosmic ray rates. Higher cosmic ray rates delay the onset of star formation, while increasing the X-ray flux counteracts this. Note that the points on the left side are for the isothermal models that have an X-ray flux of 0.