Fraction of counter-rotating stars (shown in blue) for four dissipationless retrograde mergers. Stars are divided into four regions, according to their height above (or below) the galaxy midplane: (1) at |z|    ≤    1 kpc; (2) at 1 kpc  ≤    |z|    ≤ 3 kpc; (3) at 3 kpc  ≤    |z|    ≤ 5 kpc; and (4) at 5 kpc ≤ |z|    ≤ 10 kpc. For each region the fraction of satellite stars to the total number of stars is also shown (gray).