Fig. 4

o-H2D+ predicted flux as a function of CO abundance (left), cosmic ray (middle), and grain size (right) for DM Tau. Grain size: a = 0.1 μm (black); 1 (red) and 10 (blue). Cosmic ray ionization rate: ξ = 1 × 10-17 (triangle), 3 × 10-17 (square), and 1 × 10-16 s-1 (octagon). CO abundance: x[CO] = 10-6 (open marker) 10-5 (filled marker), and 10-4 (cross). The green line corresponds to our 3σ limit derived from observations. The dashed lines illustrate the dependencies.
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