EDP Sciences logo
Subscriber Authentication Point
Search
Menu
Home All issues Volume 533 (September 2011) A&A, 533 (2011) A52 Full HTML
Free Access

Table 9

Catalogue of X-ray detected optical novae in M 31.

Optical measurements X-ray measurements Derived parameters References
Name Outbursta Brightnessb t 2R c Old/d Typee v exp f Turn on Turn off SSS?g k T BB h Ejected mass Burned mass o(ptical)i
M31N (JD) (mag Filter) (d) Young (km s-1) (d) (d) (eV) (10-5 M⊙) (10-6 M⊙) and x(-ray)j
1982-09b 2445225.01 16.7(Hα) O 278 2874  >4317 13.18  >7.21 o1;x1
1990-09a 2448151.94 15.7(Hα) Y 1031 156 ± 156 501 ± 188 ROSAT 0.84 ± 0.31 o2,3;x4,1
1990-09g 2448161.50 18.4(Hα) O 1043 152 ± 152 842 ± 538 1.41 ± 0.9 o3;x1
1990-12a 2448235.50 16.0(Hα) O 662 417 ± 188 955 ± 188 1.6 ± 0.31 o3;x1,5
1991-01b 2448280.50 16.4(Hα) Y 696 373 ± 188 810 ± 100 1.35 ± 0.17 o3;x1
1992-11b 2448935.58 16.4(Hα) O Fe II 790 282 ± 282 763 ± 186 1.27 ± 0.31 o3;x1
1994-09a 2449622.50 17.6(R) O 294 2529 ± 62 3121 ± 463 HR 5.21 ± 0.77 o4;x1
1995-09b 2449963.50 15.6(Hα) O 356 1653 ± 81 3656 ± 273 HR1 6.11 ± 0.46 o5;x1
1995-11c 2450048.34 16.3(Hα) O 505 762 ± 725 3609 ± 236 HR 6.03 ± 0.39 o3,6;x1
1996-08b 2450307.50 16.1(Hα) O 340 1831 ± 49  >4560 spec  >7.62 o3;x1
1997-06c 2450617.50 15.6(Hα) O 580 559 ± 559 1244 ± 326 2.08 ± 0.54 o3,5;x1
1997-08b 2450661.50 16.5(Hα) Y 366 1556 ± 34 2052 ± 463 HR 3.43 ± 0.77 o3,5;x1
1997-09a 2450718.50 16.6(B) 10.0 Y o7;x1
1997-10c 2450723.51 16.6(B) 7.9 O 447 997 1090 ± 93 spec 5.08 1.82 ± 0.16 o7;x6
1997-11a 2450 753.55 18.0(R) O 325 2027 ± 566  >4025 HR1  >6.72 o3;x2
1998-06a 2450970.50 16.2(Hα) O 441 1028 ± 92 1773 ± 463 HR 2.96 ± 0.77 o5;x1
1998-07d 2451019.50 15.9(Hα) O 451 979 ± 92 1345 ± 74 2.25 ± 0.12 o5;x1
1999-08d 2451400.61 18.3(i’) 87.2 Y 710 357 ± 357 753 ± 35 1.26 ± 0.06 o8,9;x7
1999-10a 2451454.70 17.5(W) O 403 1256 ± 496 2203 ± 234 spec 3.68 ± 0.39 o10;x2
2000-07a 2451753.00 16.8(R) 22.4 O 1013 162 ± 8 1904 ± 236 spec 3.18 ± 0.39 o8,9;x1
2000-08a 2451719.62 18.6(R) O 795 278 ± 75 1061 ± 567 HR1 1.77 ± 0.95 o11;x1
2001-01a 2451929.32 17.1(R) O 328 1989 2426 ± 109 HR 9.47 4.05 ± 0.18 o12;x3
2001-07a 2452094.56 18.7(R) Y 1584 60 ± 60 153 ± 34 0.26 ± 0.06 o12;x1
2001-08d 2452150.60 16.7(R) 11.8 O 1720 50 ± 13 593 ± 463 HR 0.99 ± 0.77 o12;x1
2001-10a 2452 186.41 17.0(R) 39.3 O Fe II 430 1089 ± 70  >2702 spec  >4.51 o9,13;x2
2001-10b 2452191.48 15.6(i’) 15.8 Y 894 214 ± 214 o8,9;x7
2001-10f 2452196.26 16.6(B) 12.0 Y 1704 51 ± 34 550 ± 460 spec 0.92 ± 0.77 o14,15;x1,2
2001-11a 2452226.21 17.1(B) 8.0 Y 1675 53 0.36 o15;x8
2002-01b 2452282.31 16.8(R) 8.0 O 1500 77 ± 69 534 ± 390 0.89 ± 0.65 o17,18;x1
2003-08c 2452 878.50 17.9(R) O 450 1419 ± 126  >2010  >3.36 o19,20;x14
2003-11a 2452948.47 16.9(R) 22.0 O 739 327 ± 70 709 ± 235 HR1 1.18 ± 0.39 o21,12;x2
2003-11b 2452973.37 17.4(R) 42.2 O 766 302 ± 70 684 ± 235 1.14 ± 0.39 o12;x2
2004-01b 2453006.24 18.4(R) O 361 1609 ± 163  >1882  >3.14 o12;x14
2004-05b 2453143.56 17.2(R) 49.7 O 896 213 ± 11  >1745 spec  >2.92 o22,11;x2,3
2004-06a 2453164.54 17.2(R) 19.7 O 1539 64 ± 23 218 ± 16 spec 0.36 ± 0.03 o22,11;x2
2004-06c 2453181.52 17.1(R) 10.9 O 1294 94 ± 70 476 ± 234 HR1 0.8 ± 0.39 o22,11;x2
2004-08a 2453220.47 17.4(R) O 1752 48 ± 16 77 ± 13 spec 0.13 ± 0.02 o22,11;x2
2004-08c 2453239.54 18.7(R) 50.3 O 1661 54 ± 54 144 ± 16 HR1 0.24 ± 0.03 o12;x2
2004-11f 2453311.82 17.9(R) 28.4 O 2794 17 ± 17 45 ± 10 HR1 0.08 ± 0.02 o12;x2
2004-11b 2453315.35 16.6(R) 32.0 O Fe II 1250 68 ± 16 343 ± 235 0.57 ± 0.39 o22,11;x2
2004-11g 2453315.35 18.0(R) 28.4 O 2872 16 ± 16 343 ± 235 HR1 0.57 ± 0.39 o22;x2
2004-11e 2453339.30 17.6(R) 34.6 Y 1822 44 ± 16 319 ± 235 0.53 ± 0.39 o22,11;x2
2005-01b 2453389.58 16.3(W) Y 808 268 ± 268 804 ± 269 spec 45 1.34 ± 0.45 o23;x6
2005-01c 2453399.59 16.1(W) Y 715 352 ± 352 spec o23;x6
2005-02a 2453420.27 17.7(W) O 855 236 ± 236 872 ± 121 spec 1.46 ± 0.2 o24;x3
2005-09b 2453614.73 16.5(W) Y Fe II 2200 150 ± 150 494 ± 195 spec 60 0.83 ± 0.33 o25,26;x9,6
2006-04a 2453851.77 15.9(R) 16.0 O 1347 86 ± 19 132 ± 27 spec 0.22 ± 0.05 o27,28;x3
2006-06a 2453877.60 17.6(R) O Fe II 850 106 ± 26 200 ± 25 HR1 0.33 ± 0.04 o29,26;x3
2006-06b 2453 869.57 18.5(R) O 502 772 ± 138  >1019 spec  >1.7 o30,11;x14
2006-09c 2453 996.64 17.0(R) 14.0 Y Fe II 570 275 ± 138 327 ± 164 spec 0.55 ± 0.27 o31,32;x14
2006-11a 2454064.17 16.0(R) 22.0 Y Fe II 1059 147 ± 41 208 ± 21 spec 0.35 ± 0.04 o33,34;x10,11
2007-02b 2454135.30 16.7(R) 37.0 Y Fe II 800 175 ± 175  >732 spec  >1.22 o35,36;x14
2007-06b 2454270.40 17.3(W) 18.0 O He/N 1500 87 ± 54 452 ± 57 spec 0.76 ± 0.1 o37;x12,14
2007-10b 2454386.75 17.8(R) 3.0 Y He/N 1450 13 ± 13 92 ± 5 spec 0.15 ± 0.01 o38,39;x14
2007-11a 2454406.78 16.7(R) 4.0 O 3399 11 ± 5 52 ± 7 HR2 0.09 ± 0.01 o40;x0,14
2007-12b 2454444.03 17.0(R) 8.0 Y He/N 2250 25 ± 5 115 ± 55 spec 0.19 ± 0.09 o41,42;x13,14
2007-12d 2454452.07 17.2(R) 4.0 O He/N 2750 17 ± 5 27 ± 5 spec 0.05 ± 0.01 o43,44;x14
2008-05a 2454601.29 16.4(R) 25.0 O 939 192 ± 5  >278 spec  >0.46 o45,11;x14
2008-05b 2454609.26 16.0(W) O 957 184 ± 6 215 ± 6 0.36 ± 0.01 o45,11;x14
2008-06a 2454631.96 17.7(R) O 831 252 ± 5  >252  >0.42 o46;x14

Notes. 

(a)

Julian day of optical nova outburst;

(b)

maximum observed magnitude, “W” indicates unfiltered magnitude;

(c)

time in days the nova R magnitude needs to drop 2 mag below peak magnitude (see Payne-Gaposchkin 1964);

(d)

positional association with the old (bulge) and young (disk) stellar populations of M 31 (see Sect. 5.5);

(e)

spectral type of optical nova according to the classification scheme of Williams (1992);

(f)

outflow velocity of the ejected envelope, values in bold face are measured from optical spectra, all other values were computed from the SSS turn-on time using Eq. (5);

(g)

indicates if the source was classified as a SSS using XMM-Newton spectra (spec), XMM-Newton hardness ratios (HR), Chandra HRC-I/ACIS-I hardness ratios (HR1), Chandra HRC-I hardness ratios (HR2), or a ROSAT observation (ROSAT) in the case of M31N 1990-09a;

(h)

maximum blackbody temperature from spectral fits;

(i)

optical references: o1: Ciardullo et al. (1987), o2: Nedialkov et al. (2002), o3: Shafter & Irby (2001), o4: Ansari et al. (2004), o5: Rector et al. (1999), o6: Henze et al. (2008b), o7: Sharov & Alksnis (1998), o8: Darnley et al. (2004), o9: Darnley et al. (2006), o10: Filippenko et al. (1999), o11: CBAT M 31 nova web page (http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/iau/CBAT_M31.html), o12: MPE M 31 nova catalogue (http://www.mpe.mpg.de/~m31novae/opt/m31/index.php), o13: Filippenko & Chornock (2001), o14: Smirnova & Alksnis (2006), o15: Alksnis et al. (2008), o16: Smirnova et al. (2006), o17: Fiaschi et al. (2002), o18: Filippenko & Chornock (2002), o19: Fiaschi et al. (2003), o20: di Mille et al. (2003), o21: Hornoch (2003), o22: PHS2007, o23: D. Bishops extragalactic nova webpage (http://www.supernovae.net/sn2005/novae.html), o24: Dimai & Manzini (2005), o25: Quimby et al. (2005), o26: Pietsch et al. (2006a), o27: Pietsch et al. (2006b), o28: Baernbantner & Riffeser (2006), o29: Lang et al. (2006), o30: Ries & Riffeser (2006), o31: Quimby (2006), o32: Shafter et al. (2006), o33: K. Hornoch (2010, priv. comm.), o34: A. Shafter’s webpage of nova spectra (http://mintaka.sdsu.edu/faculty/shafter/extragalactic_novae/HET/index.html), o35: Burwitz et al. (in prep.), o36: Pietsch et al. (2007a), o37: Shafter & Quimby (2007), o38: Burwitz et al. (2007), o39: Rau et al. (2007), o40: Pietsch et al. (2007b), o41: Bode et al. (2009), o42: Shafter (2007b), o43: Henze et al. (2007), o44: Shafter (2007a), o45: Henze et al. (2008c), o46: Henze et al. (2008a);

(j)

X-ray references: x1: PFF2005, x2: PHS2007, x3: Paper I, x4: Nedialkov et al. (2002), x5: Pietsch et al. (2006c), x6: Stiele et al. (2010), x7: Nelson et al. (2008a), x8: Smirnova et al. (2006), x9: Orio & Nelson (2008) (wrongly named 2005-09c there), x10: Pietsch et al. (2007c), x11: Voss et al. (2008), x12: Henze et al. (2009a), x13: Pietsch et al. (2011), x14: this work.

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.