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Fig. 9

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The total bound mass and the mass in the most massive gravitationally bound clump as a function of time. The left panel shows the result of the moderate-resolution simulation (M2). Around a time of 30   Torb there is a condensation event that transfers many particles to bound clumps. Two orbits later, at 32   Torb, the two most massive clumps collide and merge. The right panel shows the high-resolution simulation (H). The total amount of condensed material is comparable to M2, but the mass of the most massive clump is smaller. This may be a result either of increased resolution in the self-gravity solver or of the limited time span of the high-resolution simulation. The total particle mass for both resolutions is Mtot ≈ 460   MCeres. Only around 10% of the mass is converted into planetesimals during the time-span of the simulations.

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