A survey of the Galactic center region in HCO+, H13CO+, and SiO

Free Access

Table 3

Gaussian fits of the each component of the molecular clouds.

Region	Cloud	Line	Central velocity	Velocity width^a	T₀	Luminosity	Associated
	number		[km s^-1]	[km s^-1]	[K]	[K km s^-1 degree²]	Object

Sgr A	1	CO	–126 ± 8	60 ± 18	1.3 ± 0.2	56.5 ± 19.6	EMR
Sgr A	1	HCO⁺	–76 ± 2	127 ± 3	0.032	2.57 ± 0.10	EMR
Sgr A	1	SiO	–110 ± 3	108 ± 8	0.0045 ± 0.0003	0.17 ± 0.02	EMR
Sgr A	2	CO	–34 ± 18	68 ± 42	1.9 ± 0.3	95.7 ± 61.0
Sgr A	2	HCO⁺	–39 ± 1	12 ± 1	0.066	0.5
Sgr A	2	HCO⁺	–18 ± 1	13 ± 1	0.10	0.85
Sgr A	2	H¹³CO⁺	–26 ± 10	74 ± 11	0.004 ± 0.002	0.12 ± 0.05
Sgr A	3	CO	11 ± 5	36 ± 14	2.5 ± 1.6	65.7 ± 50.9	MM
Sgr A	3	HCO⁺	17 ± 1	24 ± 1	0.12	1.9	MM
Sgr A	4	CO	66 ± 8	71 ± 38	2.3 ± 0.2	124 ± 67	Sgr A cloud
Sgr A	4	HCO⁺	61 ± 1	72 ± 1	0.19	8.4	Sgr A cloud
Sgr A	4	SiO	44 ± 1	94 ± 1	0.035	1.16	Sgr A cloud
Sgr A	4	H¹³CO⁺	40 ± 5	96 ± 6	0.016 ± 0.001	0.55 ± 0.05	Sgr A cloud
Sgr A	5	CO	147 ± 31	72 ± 49	0.8 ± 0.3	44 ± 35	EMR
Sgr A	5	HCO⁺	135 ± 4	79 ± 5	0.027 ± 0.001	1.3 ± 0.1	EMR
Sgr B	6	CO	–61 ± 7	100 ± 15	1.8 ± 0.1	110 ± 17	EMR
Sgr B	6	HCO⁺	–56 ± 1	115 ± 3	0.046	2.47	EMR
Sgr B	6	SiO	–49 ± 3	83 ± 7	0.0053	0.092	EMR
Sgr B	7*	CO	30 ± 5	60 ± 5	4.1 ± 0.1	147 ± 12	Sgr B cloud
Sgr B	7	HCO⁺	42 ± 1	63 ± 1	0.26	7.56	Sgr B cloud
Sgr B	7	SiO	38 ± 1	59 ± 1	0.12	1.43	Sgr B cloud
Sgr B	7	H¹³CO⁺	43 ± 1	55 ± 1	0.044	0.505	Sgr B cloud
Sgr B	8*	CO	90 ± 5	35 ± 5	2.75 ± 0.05	58 ± 8
Sgr B	8	HCO⁺	95 ± 1	47 ± 1	0.16	3.4
Sgr B	8	SiO	93 ± 1	37 ± 1	0.028	0.214
Sgr B	8	H¹³CO⁺	94 ± 1	26 ± 1	0.013	0.070
Sgr B	9	CO	170 ± 12	56 ± 19	1.0 ± 0.3	33 ± 15
Sgr B	9	HCO⁺	144 ± 3	97 ± 4	0.056	2.6
Sgr C	10	CO	–123 ± 5	80 ± 14	1.8 ± 0.2	88 ± 18	EMR
Sgr C	10	HCO⁺	–103 ± 1	91 ± 1	0.095	2.8	EMR
Sgr C	10	SiO	–116 ± 1	50 ± 2	0.012	0.109	EMR
Sgr C	10	H¹³CO⁺	–99 ± 1	29 ± 1	0.006	0.031	EMR
Sgr C	11	CO	–64 ± 4	16 ± 11	1.1 ± 0.5	11 ± 9	Sgr C cloud
Sgr C	11	CO	–41 ± 3	15 ± 8	1.6 ± 0.7	14 ± 10	Sgr C cloud
Sgr C	11	CO	–24 ± 3	6 ± 7	0.9 ± 0.8	3 ± 4	Sgr C cloud
Sgr C	11	HCO⁺	–65 ± 1	15 ± 1	0.079	0.38	Sgr C cloud
Sgr C	11	HCO⁺	–41 ± 1	15 ± 1	0.16	0.79	Sgr C cloud
Sgr C	11	HCO⁺	–21 ± 1	11 ± 1	0.067	0.235	Sgr C cloud
Sgr C	11	SiO	–50 ± 1	43 ± 2	0.019 ± 0.002	0.15 ± 0.02	Sgr C cloud
Sgr C	11	H¹³CO⁺	–54 ± 1	33 ± 2	0.011 ± 0.001	0.064 ± 0.007	Sgr C cloud
Sgr C	12*	CO	10 ± 5	40 ± 5	4.1	99 ± 12
Sgr C	12	HCO⁺	22 ± 1	73 ± 1	0.099	2.37
Sgr C	12	SiO	3 ± 2	73 ± 10	0.016	0.21 ± 0.03
Sgr C	12	H¹³CO⁺	–14 ± 4	75 ± 10	0.0063	0.09 ± 0.01
Sgr C	13*	CO	60 ± 5	30 ± 5	1.3 ± 0.1	24 ± 4	3 kpc far
Sgr C	13	SiO	57 ± 1	29 ± 4	0.007 ± 0.001	0.034 ± 0.007	3 kpc far
Sgr C	13	H¹³CO⁺	57 ± 1	33 ± 3	0.0026 ± 0.0002	0.015 ± 0.002	3 kpc far
Sgr C	14	CO	126 ± 6	76 ± 14	1.5 ± 0.2	68 ± 16	EMR
Sgr C	14	HCO⁺	132 ± 1	85 ± 1	0.057	1.57	EMR
Sgr C	14	SiO	153 ± 1	26 ± 2	0.0064	0.030	EMR
Sgr D	15	CO	–53 ± 48	62 ± 73	2.2 ± 1.6	59 ± 83
Sgr D	15	HCO⁺	–56 ± 2	73 ± 4	0.043	1.35
Sgr D	15	SiO	–48 ± 3	65 ± 4	0.009	0.118
Sgr D	16	CO	8 ± 26	56 ± 70	3.0 ± 1.8	74 ± 104
Sgr D	16	HCO⁺	–10 ± 1	32 ± 2	0.054	0.75 ± 0.07
Sgr D	16	SiO	18 ± 1	58 ± 3	0.019	0.23
Sgr D	16	H¹³CO⁺	4 ± 2	79 ± 5	0.0048	0.077
Sgr D	17	CO	86 ± 8	65 ± 28	5.4 ± 0.8	157 ± 71	Sgr D cloud
Sgr D	17	HCO⁺	27 ± 1	31 ± 2	0.062	0.83	Sgr D cloud
Sgr D	17	HCO⁺	88 ± 1	71 ± 1	0.31	9.6	Sgr D cloud
Sgr D	17	SiO	81 ± 1	55 ± 1	0.085	0.941	Sgr D cloud
Sgr D	17	H¹³CO⁺	83 ± 1	40 ± 1	0.026	0.216	Sgr D cloud
Sgr D	18	CO	176 ± 26	60 ± 62	1.3 ± 0.8	35 ± 42	EMR
Sgr D	18*	HCO⁺	180 ± 5	50 ± 5	0.045 ± 0.005	1.0 ± 0.1	EMR
Sgr E	19	CO	–201 ± 14	33 ± 34	0.7 ± 0.6	20.7 ± 27.9	Sgr E cloud
Sgr E	19	HCO⁺	–203 ± 1	29 ± 1	0.024	0.477	Sgr E cloud
Sgr E	19	SiO	–180 ± 3	40 ± 7	0.0030 ± 0.0003	0.040 ± 0.008	Sgr E cloud
Sgr E	19	H¹³CO⁺	–185 ± 1	40 ± 2	0.0032	0.042	Sgr E cloud
Sgr E	20	CO	–128 ± 23	83 ± 96	0.76 ± 0.37	57 ± 71	EMR
Sgr E	20	HCO⁺	–124 ± 1	103 ± 4	0.03	2	EMR
Sgr E	20	SiO	–124 ± 2	40 ± 4	0.005	0.063 ± 0.008	EMR
Sgr E	20	H¹³CO⁺	–123 ± 1	22 ± 2	0.0016 ± 0.0001	0.012 ± 0.002	EMR
Sgr E	21	CO	–59 ± 25	28 ± 43	1.2 ± 1.6	31 ± 62
Sgr E	21	CO	–26 ± 9	33 ± 44	2.7 ± 0.6	79 ± 108
Sgr E	21	CO	–3 ± 4	11 ± 11	2.1 ± 2.2	22 ± 32
Sgr E	21	HCO⁺	–31 ± 1	49 ± 1	0.096	3.2
Sgr E	21	SiO	–23 ± 1	67 ± 1	0.021	0.47
Sgr E	21	H¹³CO⁺	–23 ± 1	81 ± 1	0.007	0.19
Sgr E	22	CO	13 ± 5	16 ± 11	2.1 ± 0.9	30 ± 25	MM
Sgr E	22*	HCO⁺	12 ± 5	25 ± 5	1.1 0.2		MM
Sgr E	23*	CO	140 ± 5	55 ± 5	0.50 ± 0.05	24.7 ± 3.3	EMR
Sgr E	23	HCO⁺	131 ± 1	68 ± 1	0.028	1.28	EMR
Sgr E	23	SiO	134 ± 1	36 ± 1	0.009	0.114	EMR
Sgr E	23	H¹³CO⁺	105 ± 1	60 ± 2	0.002	0.048	EMR
1.3 complex	24	CO	–1 ± 8	88 ± 17	2.9 ± 0.2	265 ± 55
1.3 complex	24	HCO⁺	–22 ± 1	75 ± 1	0.048	2.99
1.3 complex	24	SiO	–16 ± 1	54 ± 1	0.018	0.462
1.3 complex	24	H¹³CO⁺	–24 ± 1	47 ± 2	0.0046	0.102
1.3 complex	25	CO	85 ± 6	64 ± 18	3.1 ± 1.0	206 ± 89	1.3 complex cloud
1.3 complex	25	HCO⁺	83 ± 0	90 ± 1	0.18	13.6	1.3 complex cloud
1.3 complex	25	SiO	81 ± 1	76 ± 1	0.076	2.735	1.3 complex cloud
1.3 complex	25	H¹³CO⁺	75 ± 1	82 ± 1	0.01	0.388	1.3 complex cloud
1.3 complex	26	CO	167 ± 43	121 ± 73	1.1 ± 0.3	143 ± 93	EMR
1.3 complex	26	HCO⁺	178 ± 2	86 ± 3	0.031	2.19	EMR
M+3.2+0.3	27	CO	–42 ± 18	35 ± 42	0.5 ± 0.4	29 ± 41	3 kpc
M+3.2+0.3	27	H¹³CO⁺	–45 ± 3	48 ± 7	0.0025 ± 0.0002	0.033 ± 0.006	3 kpc
M+3.2+0.3	28	CO	11 ± 4	40 ± 14	2.3 ± 0.5	150 ± 62
M+3.2+0.3	28	HCO⁺	32 ± 1	84 ± 2	0.09	6.4
M+3.2+0.3	28	SiO	23 ± 1	51 ± 1	0.045	0.64
M+3.2+0.3	28	H¹³CO⁺	24 ± 2	55 ± 5	0.0094	0.14
M+3.2+0.3	29	CO	93 ± 10	97 ± 49	1.7 ± 0.3	276 ± 146	Clump 2
M+3.2+0.3	29	HCO⁺	103 ± 1	68 ± 3	0.074	4.4	Clump 2
M+3.2+0.3	29	SiO	80 ± 1	54 ± 2	0.039	0.59	Clump 2
M+3.2+0.3	29	H¹³CO⁺	85 ± 6	63 ± 9	0.0042	0.07 ± 0.01	Clump 2
M+3.2+0.3	30	CO	159 ± 11	27 ± 37	0.6 ± 0.6	24 ± 45
M+3.2+0.3	30	HCO⁺	159 ± 1	38 ± 1	0.037	1.21
M+3.2+0.3	30	SiO	139 ± 1	61 ± 2	0.031	0.52 ± 0.02
M+3.2+0.3	31	CO	237 ± 32	55 ± 76	0.3 ± 0.3	25 ± 45	EMR
M+3.2+0.3	31	HCO⁺	219 ± 13	137 ± 24	0.0055	0.6 ± 0.1	EMR
M − 5.3+0.4	32	CO	–81 ± 3	14 ± 7	1.0 ± 0.4	12 ± 8	3 kpc
M − 5.3+0.4	32	HCO⁺	–78 ± 4	29 ± 7	0.012 ± 0.002	0.19 ± 0.06	3 kpc
M − 5.3+0.4	32	SiO	–91 ± 1	8 ± 3	0.0027 ± 0.0008	0.006 ± 0.003	3 kpc
M − 5.3+0.4	32	H¹³CO⁺	–80 ± 1	8 ± 3	0.0025 ± 0.0008	0.005 ± 0.003	3 kpc
M − 5.3+0.4	33	CO	–44 ± 8	25 ± 21	0.7 ± 0.3	16 ± 15	Norma
M − 5.3+0.4	33	HCO⁺	–43 ± 5	33 ± 23	0.008 ± 0.001	0.15 ± 0.1	Norma
M − 5.3+0.4	33*	SiO	–50 ± 5	20 ± 5	0.008	0.04 ± 0.01	Norma
M − 5.3+0.4	33	H¹³CO⁺	–55 ± 4	33 ± 16	0.0019 ± 0.0004	0.018 ± 0.009	Norma
M − 5.3+0.4	34	CO	–18 ± 3	17 ± 7	1.6 ± 0.4	24 ± 12	Crux
M − 5.3+0.4	34	HCO⁺	–21 ± 1	9 ± 2	0.021 ± 0.003	0.11 ± 0.03	Crux
M − 5.3+0.4	34*	SiO	–20 ± 5	10 ± 5	0.0078	0.02 ± 0.01	Crux
M − 5.3+0.4	34	H¹³CO⁺	–23 ± 2	17 ± 4	0.0037 ± 0.0006	0.017 ± 0.005	Crux
M − 5.3+0.4	35	CO	3 ± 1	10 ± 2	3.0 ± 0.5	27 ± 7	MM
M − 5.3+0.4	35*	HCO⁺	5 ± 5	10 ± 5	0.030 ± 0.003	0.18 ± 0.09	MM
M − 5.3+0.4	35	SiO	12 ± 3	37 ± 9	0.004 ± 0.0004	0.04 ± 0.01	MM
M − 5.3+0.4	35	H¹³CO⁺	11 ± 2	26 ± 7	0.0024 ± 0.0004	0.017 ± 0.005	MM
M − 5.3+0.4	36	CO	87 ± 3	42 ± 7	1.7 ± 0.2	65 ± 13	Clump 1
M − 5.3+0.4	36	HCO⁺	86 ± 1	41 ± 1	0.069	1.65	Clump 1
M − 5.3+0.4	36	SiO	72 ± 1	51 ± 2	0.015	0.206	Clump 1
M − 5.3+0.4	36	H¹³CO⁺	83 ± 2	92 ± 5	0.0061	0.15 ± 0.01	Clump 1
M − 4.4+0.6	37	CO	–75 ± 1	28 ± 3	1.2 ± 0.1	8 ± 1	3 kpc
M − 4.4+0.6	37*	HCO⁺	–70 ± 5	10 ± 5	0.014 ± 0.003	0.025 ± 0.01	3 kpc
M − 4.4+0.6	37	SiO	–75 ± 1	14 ± 2	0.0062 ± 0.0009	0.009 ± 0.002	3 kpc
M − 4.4+0.6	37	H¹³CO⁺	–70 ± 2	22 ± 4	0.0047 ± 0.0006	0.011 ± 0.002	3 kpc
M − 4.4+0.6	38	CO	–34 ± 1	16 ± 2	1.3 ± 0.1	5 ± 0.9	Norma
M − 4.4+0.6	38*	HCO⁺	–45 ± 5	20 ± 5	0.018 ± 0.003	0.06 ± 0.02	Norma
M − 4.4+0.6	38	SiO	–40 ± 5	15 ± 5	0.008	0.012 ± 0.004	Norma
M − 4.4+0.6	38	H¹³CO⁺	–37 ± 1	10 ± 2	0.006 ± 0.001	0.006 ± 0.002	Norma
M − 4.4+0.6	39*	CO	–20 ± 5	10 ± 5	0.72 ± 0.05	1.8 ± 0.9	Crux
M − 4.4+0.6	39*	HCO⁺	–30 ± 5	10 ± 5	0.036 ± 0.003	0.06 ± 0.03	Crux
M − 4.4+0.6	39	SiO	–20 ± 5	20 ± 5	0.0092	0.018 ± 0.005	Crux
M − 4.4+0.6	39	H¹³CO⁺	–23 ± 1	6 ± 2	0.005 ± 0.001	0.003 ± 0.001	Crux
M − 4.4+0.6	40*	CO	0 ± 5	10 ± 5	2.75	7 ± 3	MM
M − 4.4+0.6	40	H¹³CO⁺	–1 ± 2	27 ± 6	0.0041 ± 0.0006	0.012 ± 0.003	MM
M − 4.4+0.6	41*	CO	18 ± 5	20 ± 5	1.25 ± 0.05	6 ± 2
M − 4.4+0.6	41	SiO	25 ± 2	30 ± 4	0.011 ± 0.001	0.033 ± 0.005
M − 4.4+0.6	42	CO	70 ± 2	55 ± 6	1.55 ± 0.08	21 ± 2	M − 4.4+0.6 cloud
M − 4.4+0.6	42	HCO⁺	71 ± 1	49 ± 1	0.048	0.42	M − 4.4+0.6 cloud
M − 4.4+0.6	42	SiO	72 ± 1	51 ± 3	0.014	0.073	M − 4.4+0.6 cloud
M − 4.4+0.6	42	H¹³CO⁺	65 ± 1	39 ± 3	0.0073	0.031 ± 0.003	M − 4.4+0.6 cloud
M − 3.8+0.9	43	CO	–67 ± 6	81 ± 14	1.0 ± 0.1	28 ± 5	M − 3.8+0.9 cloud
M − 3.8+0.9	43	HCO⁺	–79 ± 1	61 ± 1	0.067	1.05	M − 3.8+0.9 cloud
M − 3.8+0.9	43	SiO	–80 ± 2	79 ± 4	0.014	0.2	M − 3.8+0.9 cloud
M − 3.8+0.9	43	H¹³CO⁺	–60 ± 4	73 ± 7	0.0097	0.13 ± 0.01	M − 3.8+0.9 cloud
M − 3.8+0.9	44	CO	0 ± 2	37 ± 5	2.1 ± 0.2	26 ± 4	MM
M − 3.8+0.9	44	HCO⁺	–4 ± 1	55 ± 2	0.058	0.83	MM
M − 3.8+0.9	44	SiO	–5 ± 1	43 ± 3	0.014	0.109	MM
M − 3.8+0.9	44	H¹³CO⁺	5 ± 2	54 ± 4	0.012	0.12 ± 0.01	MM
M − 3.8+0.9	45	CO	60 ± 13	53 ± 51	0.3 ± 0.1	5 ± 5	3 kpc far
M − 3.8+0.9	45*	HCO⁺	60 ± 5	15 ± 5	0.013 ± 0.002	0.05 ± 0.02	3 kpc far
M − 3.8+0.9	45	SiO	40 ± 2	16 ± 5	0.004 ± 0.001	0.013 ± 0.005	3 kpc far
M − 3.8+0.9	45	H¹³CO⁺	60 ± 1	8 ± 2	0.004 ± 0.001	0.005 ± 0.002	3 kpc far
M − 3.8+0.9	46	CO	106 ± 3	19 ± 7	0.74 ± 0.20	5 ± 2	135 km s^-1
M − 3.8+0.9	46	HCO⁺	108 ± 1	17 ± 2	0.019 ± 0.003	0.08 ± 0.02	135 km s^-1
M − 3.8+0.9	46*	SiO	80 ± 5	20 ± 5	0.012	0.04 ± 0.01	135 km s^-1
M − 3.8+0.9	46	H¹³CO⁺	95 ± 1	7 ± 1	0.006 ± 0.001	0.008 ± 0.002	135 km s^-1
M+5.3 − 0.3	47	CO	–27 ± 1	9 ± 2	1.4 ± 0.2	9 ± 2	3 kpc
M+5.3 − 0.3	47	HCO⁺	–28 ± 1	15 ± 2	0.013 ± 0.001	0.06 ± 0.01	3 kpc
M+5.3 − 0.3	48	CO	9 ± 1	12 ± 2	2.9 ± 0.2	25 ± 4	MM
M+5.3 − 0.3	48	CO	23 ± 3	11 ± 6	0.7 ± 0.2	6 ± 4	MM
M+5.3 − 0.3	48	HCO⁺	23 ± 2	39 ± 3	0.05	0.61	MM
M+5.3 − 0.3	48*	SiO	26 ± 1	48 ± 1	0.014	0.207	MM
M+5.3 − 0.3	48	H¹³CO⁺	8 ± 13	49 ± 14	0.003 ± 0.001	0.043 ± 0.02	MM
M+5.3 − 0.3	49	CO	40 ± 12	62 ± 15	1.3 ± 0.5	55 ± 26
M+5.3 − 0.3	49	HCO⁺	59 ± 1	32 ± 3	0.062 ± 0.007	0.6 ± 0.1
M+5.3 − 0.3	49*	SiO	65 ± 5	35 ± 5	0.017	0.18 ± 0.03
M+5.3 − 0.3	49	H¹³CO⁺	54 ± 5	51 ± 11	0.0068 ± 0.0009	0.11 ± 0.03
M+5.3 − 0.3	50	CO	104 ± 28	83 ± 52	0.8 ± 0.2	45 ± 31	M+5.3 − 0.3 cloud
M+5.3 − 0.3	50	HCO⁺	98 ± 2	47 ± 8	0.061 ± 0.007	0.81 ± 0.13	M+5.3 − 0.3 cloud
M+5.3 − 0.3	50*	SiO	105 ± 5	60 ± 5	0.021	0.38 ± 0.03	M+5.3 − 0.3 cloud
M+5.3 − 0.3	50	H¹³CO⁺	120 ± 4	61 ± 9	0.0045	0.08 ± 0.01	M+5.3 − 0.3 cloud
M+5.3 − 0.3	51	CO	190 ± 6	38 ± 15	0.4 ± 0.1	10 ± 5	135 km s^-1
M+5.3 − 0.3	51	HCO⁺	150 ± 6	50 ± 8	0.020 ± 0.002	0.31 ± 0.06	135 km s^-1
M+5.3 − 0.3	51	H¹³CO⁺	173 ± 1	12 ± 2	0.0041 ± 0.0004	0.015 ± 0.003	135 km s^-1

Notes. In most, the nominal Gaussian fits do the data give uncertainties smaller that 10%, the estimated relative calibration uncertainty of our data, only in cases where the errors from the Gaussian fit exceed 10%, these uncertainties are indicated. The size of each region is given in Table 2.

^(a)

Gaussian FWHM. Central velocity, Velocity width and temperature peaks (T₀) derived by the average spectrum shown in Appendix D. EMR: “Expanding Molecular Ring” (Bitran 1987); MM: “Main Maximum” (Bitran 1987); 3 kpc: “3 kpc Arm” (Bitran 1987; Sawada et al. 2001); Norma: “Norma Arm” (Bitran 1987; Sawada et al. 2001); Crux: “Crux Arm” (Bitran 1987; Sawada et al. 2001); 135 km s^-1: “135 km s^-1 Arm” (Bitran 1987; Bania 1980); Clump 1 (Bania 1977; Bania et al. 1986; Bitran 1987); Clump 2 (Bania 1977; Bitran 1987). The cloud number 15 is formed by the 3 kpc, Crux and Norma arms. M − 4.4+0.6 cloud, identifyed by Bitran (1987). M − 3.8+0.9 cloud, identifyed by Bitran (1987). M+5.3 − 0.3 cloud, identifyed by Bitran (1987).

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.