Long-period maser-bearing Miras in the Galactic center

Period-luminosity relations and extinction estimates^★

¹ Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warszawa, Poland
e-mail: mlewis@camk.edu.pl
² Physics and Astronomy Department, University of New Mexico, 87131 Albuquerque, NM, USA
³ National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Pete V. Domenici Science Operations Center, 1003 Lopezville Road, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
⁴ Jet Propulsion Laboratory, MS 183-900, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
⁵ Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile

Received: 30 March 2023
Accepted: 25 July 2023

Abstract

We establish a sample of 370 Mira variables that are likely near the Galactic center (GC). The sources have been selected from the OGLE and BAaDE surveys based on their sky coordinates, OGLE classifications, and BAaDE maser-derived line-of-sight velocities. As the distance to the GC is known to a high accuracy, this sample is a test bed for reddening and extinction studies toward the GC and in Mira envelopes. We calculated separate interstellar- and circumstellar-extinction values for individual sources, showing that there is a wide range of circumstellar extinction values (up to four magnitudes in the K_s band) in the sample, and that circumstellar reddening is statistically different from interstellar reddening laws. Further, the reddening laws in the circumstellar environments of our sample and the circumstellar environments of Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) Miras are strikingly similar despite the different metallicities of the samples. Period-magnitude relations for the mid-infrared (MIR) WISE and MSX bands are also explored, and in the WISE bands we compare these to period-magnitude relationships derived from Miras in the LMC as it is important to compare these LMC relations to those in a higher metallicity environment. Emission from the envelope itself may contaminate MIR magnitudes altering the relations, especially for sources with thick envelopes.