How cooling influences circumbinary discs

¹ Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
e-mail: prakruti.sudarshan@student.uni-tuebingen.de
² Astronomy Unit, School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK

Received: 2 March 2022
Accepted: 13 June 2022

Abstract

Circumbinary disc observations and simulations show large, eccentric inner cavities. Recent work has shown that the shape and size of these cavities depend on the aspect ratio and viscosity of the disc, as well as the binary eccentricity and mass ratio. It has been further shown that, for gaps created by planets, the cooling timescale significantly affects the shape and size of the gap. In this study, we consider the effect of different cooling models on the cavity shape in a circumbinary disc. We compare locally isothermal and radiatively cooled disc models to ones with a parametrised cooling timescale (β-cooling), implemented in 2D numerical simulations for varying binary eccentricities. While the shape of the cavity for radiative and locally isothermal models remains comparable, the inner disc structure changes slightly, leading to a change in the precession rate of the disc. With β-cooled models, the shape and size of the cavity changes dramatically towards values of β = 1. Based on our findings, we introduce a parametrised β model that accounts for the shorter cooling timescale inside the cavity while adequately reproducing the results of the radiative model, and we highlight that accurate treatment of the thermodynamics inside the cavity has a significant impact in modelling circumbinary systems.