Issue |
A&A
Volume 653, September 2021
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A167 | |
Number of page(s) | 21 | |
Section | Extragalactic astronomy | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141314 | |
Published online | 29 September 2021 |
The Fornax3D project: Planetary nebulae catalogue and independent distance measurements to Fornax cluster galaxies⋆
1
Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
e-mail: tspriggs@outlook.com
2
Armagh Observatory and Planetarium, College Hill, Armagh, BT61 9DG Northern Ireland, UK
3
Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 INN, UK
4
Sterrenkundig Observatorium, Universiteit Gent, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Gent, Belgium
5
European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, 85748 Garching bei Muenchen, Germany
6
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia ‘G. Galilei’, Universitá di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 3, 35122 Padova, Italy
7
INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy
8
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Láctea s/n, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
9
Depto. Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, Calle Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
10
INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, 80131 Naples, Italy
11
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
12
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Astrophotonics Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
13
ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D), Vienna, Australia
14
Department of Astrophysics, University of Vienna, Türkenschanzstraße 17, 1180 Vienna, Austria
15
Sterrewacht Leiden, Leiden University, Postbus 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
16
Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, Gießenbachstraße, 85741 Garching bei München, Germany
17
Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China
18
Instituto de Astronomía y Ciencias Planetarias, Universidad de Atacama, Avenida Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Chile
Received:
14
May
2021
Accepted:
14
July
2021
Extragalactic planetary nebulae (PNe) offer a way to determine the distance to their host galaxies thanks to the nearly universal shape of the planetary nebulae luminosity function (PNLF). Accurate PNe distance measurements rely on obtaining well-sampled PNLFs and the number of observed PNe scales with the encompassed stellar mass. This means either disposing of wide-field observations or focusing on the bright central regions of galaxies. In this work we take this second approach and conduct a census of the PNe population in the central regions of galaxies in the Fornax cluster, using VLT/MUSE data for the early-type galaxies observed over the course of the Fornax3D survey. Using such integral-field spectroscopic observations to carefully separate the nebular emission from the stellar continuum, we isolated [O III] 5007 Å sources of interest, filtered out unresolved impostor sources or kinematic outliers, and present a catalogue of 1350 unique PNe sources across 21 early-type galaxies, which includes their positions, [O III] 5007 Å line magnitudes, and line-of-sight velocities. Using the PNe catalogued within each galaxy, we present independently derived distance estimates based on the fit to the entire observed PNLF observed while carefully accounting for the PNe detection incompleteness. With these individual measurements, we arrive at an average distance to the Fornax cluster itself of 19.86 ± 0.32 Mpc (μPNLF = 31.49 ± 0.04 mag). Our PNLF distance measurements agree well with previous distances based on surface brightness fluctuations, finding no significant systematic offsets between the two methods as otherwise reported in previous studies.
Key words: planetary nebulae: general / galaxies: clusters: individual: Fornax / galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD / galaxies: distances and redshifts / techniques: imaging spectroscopy
Tables A.1 to A.36 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/653/A167
© T. W. Spriggs et al. 2021
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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