Euclid preparation

VII. Forecast validation for Euclid cosmological probes

¹ Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES, 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
² INFN-Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
³ Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
⁴ Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Milano “Aldo Pontremoli”, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
⁵ INFN-Sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
⁶ INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
⁷ INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
⁸ AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
⁹ CEICO, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Praha 8, Czech Republic
¹⁰ CEA Saclay, DFR/IRFU, Service d’Astrophysique, Bat. 709, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
¹¹ Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
¹² Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
¹³ Université de Genève, Département de Physique Théorique and Centre for Astroparticle Physics, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
¹⁴ University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
¹⁵ Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK
¹⁶ Institute Lorentz, Leiden University, PO Box 9506, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
¹⁷ School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
¹⁸ Université St Joseph, UR EGFEM, Faculty of Sciences, Beirut, Lebanon
¹⁹ Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
²⁰ Departamento de Física, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile
²¹ Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
²² Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
²³ Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, Germany
²⁴ INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, 20122 Milano, Italy
²⁵ INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via E. Bianchi 46, 23807 Merate, Italy
²⁶ Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
²⁷ Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Làctea s/n, 38204, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
²⁸ INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti, 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy
²⁹ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy
³⁰ INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
³¹ Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany
³² INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
³³ INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy
³⁴ APC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10 Rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
³⁵ Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
³⁶ INFN-Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy
³⁷ Department of Mathematics and Physics, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
³⁸ INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, Italy
³⁹ Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
⁴⁰ INFN-Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, 40126 Bologna, Italy
⁴¹ Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Universitá degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Giuseppe Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
⁴² INAF, Istituto di Radioastronomia, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
⁴³ Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
⁴⁴ Institut de Física d’Altes Energies IFAE, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
⁴⁵ Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-018, Lisboa, Portugal
⁴⁶ Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University Federico II, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
⁴⁷ INFN section of Naples, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
⁴⁸ INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
⁴⁹ Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse, France
⁵⁰ Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
⁵¹ University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
⁵² ESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
⁵³ Université de Lyon, 69622 Lyon, France
⁵⁴ Université de Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
⁵⁵ CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
⁵⁶ Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
⁵⁷ Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
⁵⁸ Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
⁵⁹ Department of Physics, Oxford University, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
⁶⁰ INFN-Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
⁶¹ Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK
⁶² Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
⁶³ Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
⁶⁴ Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
⁶⁵ von Hoerner & Sulger GmbH, SchloßPlatz 8, 68723 Schwetzingen, Germany
⁶⁶ Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
⁶⁷ Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
⁶⁸ Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, 4, Rue Enrico Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
⁶⁹ Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1029 , Blindern 0315, Oslo, Norway
⁷⁰ Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio (OAS), Via Gobetti 93/3, 40127 Bologna, Italy
⁷¹ Institute for Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
⁷² INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy
⁷³ University of Paris Denis Diderot, University of Paris Sorbonne Cité (PSC), 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
⁷⁴ Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, LERMA, 75014 Paris, France
⁷⁵ Observatoire de Sauverny, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
⁷⁶ INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Via per Arnesano, 193, 73100 Lecce, Italy
⁷⁷ Department of Mathematics and Physics E. De Giorgi, University of Salento, Via per Arnesano, CP-I93, 73100 Lecce, Italy
⁷⁸ Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada
⁷⁹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
⁸⁰ Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
⁸¹ Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency, Via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
⁸² European Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
⁸³ Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
⁸⁴ Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Avenida Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
⁸⁵ Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Departamento de Electrónica y Tecnología de Computadoras, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
⁸⁶ Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
⁸⁷ IFPU, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34151 Trieste, Italy
⁸⁸ SISSA, International School for Advanced Studies, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste TS, Italy
⁸⁹ INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste TS, Italy
⁹⁰ Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
⁹¹ CURL & IRMP, Louvain University, 2 Chemin du Cyclotron, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
⁹² NaXys, University of Namur, Rempart de la Vierge 8, 5000 Namur, Belgium

Received: 2 April 2020
Accepted: 15 July 2020

Abstract

Aims. The Euclid space telescope will measure the shapes and redshifts of galaxies to reconstruct the expansion history of the Universe and the growth of cosmic structures. The estimation of the expected performance of the experiment, in terms of predicted constraints on cosmological parameters, has so far relied on various individual methodologies and numerical implementations, which were developed for different observational probes and for the combination thereof. In this paper we present validated forecasts, which combine both theoretical and observational ingredients for different cosmological probes. This work is presented to provide the community with reliable numerical codes and methods for Euclid cosmological forecasts.

Methods. We describe in detail the methods adopted for Fisher matrix forecasts, which were applied to galaxy clustering, weak lensing, and the combination thereof. We estimated the required accuracy for Euclid forecasts and outline a methodology for their development. We then compare and improve different numerical implementations, reaching uncertainties on the errors of cosmological parameters that are less than the required precision in all cases. Furthermore, we provide details on the validated implementations, some of which are made publicly available, in different programming languages, together with a reference training-set of input and output matrices for a set of specific models. These can be used by the reader to validate their own implementations if required.

Results. We present new cosmological forecasts for Euclid. We find that results depend on the specific cosmological model and remaining freedom in each setting, for example flat or non-flat spatial cosmologies, or different cuts at non-linear scales. The numerical implementations are now reliable for these settings. We present the results for an optimistic and a pessimistic choice for these types of settings. We demonstrate that the impact of cross-correlations is particularly relevant for models beyond a cosmological constant and may allow us to increase the dark energy figure of merit by at least a factor of three.