Fermi-LAT observations of the Sagittarius B complex

¹ Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
e-mail: ryang@mpi-hd.mpg.de
² Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University, Heijendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
³ Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 31 Fitzwilliam Place, 2 Dublin, Ireland
⁴ Gran Sasso Science Institute, 7 viale Francesco Crispi, 67100 L’Aquila (AQ), Italy

Received: 28 October 2014
Accepted: 26 May 2015

Abstract

Aims. We use 5 years of Fermi-LAT data towards the Galactic-centre giant molecular cloud complex, Sagittarius B, to test questions of how well-mixed the Galactic component of cosmic rays are and what the level of the cosmic-ray sea in different parts of the Galaxy is.

Methods. We use dust-opacity maps from the Planck satellite to obtain independent methods for background subtraction and an estimate for the mass of the region. We then present high-quality spectra of γ-ray emission from 0.3 to 30 GeV and obtain an estimate of the cosmic-ray spectrum from the region.

Results. We obtain an estimate of the mass of the region of 1.5 ± 0.2 × 10⁷M_⊙ using the Planck data, which agrees well with molecular-line-derived estimates for the same region. We find that the γ-ray flux from this region is fitted well with a cosmic-ray spectrum that is the same as is observed locally, with evidence of a small over-density at intermediate (1–10 GeV) energies.

Conclusions. We conclude that the γ-ray and cosmic-ray spectrum in the region can be well-fitted using a local cosmic-ray spectrum.