The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey^⋆,⋆⋆

XV. Planck submillimetre sources in the Virgo Cluster

¹ Sterrenkundig Observatorium, Universiteit Gent, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Gent, Belgium
e-mail: maarten.baes@ugent.be
² Instituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-UC), Avda. los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
³ INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Florence, Italy
⁴ University of Crete, Department of Physics, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
⁵ INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy
⁶ School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Queens Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
⁷ UK ALMA Regional Centre Node, Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
⁸ Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France
⁹ Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
¹⁰ Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn VIC 3122, Australia
¹¹ Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
¹² Joint ALMA Observatory/European Southern Observatory, 3107 Alonso de Córdova, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile

Received: 28 July 2013
Accepted: 6 January 2014

Abstract

We cross-correlate the Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources (PCCS) with the fully sampled 84 deg²Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey (HeViCS) fields. We search for and identify the 857 and 545 GHz PCCS sources in the HeViCS fields by studying their FIR/submm and optical counterparts. We find 84 and 48 compact Planck sources in the HeViCS fields at 857 and 545 GHz, respectively. Almost all sources correspond to individual bright Virgo Cluster galaxies. The vast majority of the Planck detected galaxies are late-type spirals, with the Sc class dominating the numbers, while early-type galaxies are virtually absent from the sample, especially at 545 GHz. We compare the HeViCS SPIRE flux densities for the detected galaxies with the four different PCCS flux density estimators and find an excellent correlation with the aperture photometry flux densities, even at the highest flux density levels. We find only seven PCCS sources in the HeViCS fields without a nearby galaxy as obvious counterpart, and conclude that all of these are dominated by Galactic cirrus features or are spurious detections. No Planck sources in the HeViCS fields seem to be associated to high-redshift proto-clusters of dusty galaxies or strongly lensed submm sources. Finally, our study is the first empirical confirmation of the simulation-based estimated completeness of the PCCS, and provides a strong support of the internal PCCS validation procedure.