Letter to the Editor

Long-term AGILE monitoring of the puzzling gamma-ray source 3EG J1835+5918

¹ INAF/IASF–Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy e-mail: bulgarelli@iasfbo.inaf.it
² INAF/IASF–Roma, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Roma, Italy
³ Dip. di Fisica, Univ. “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
⁴ INAF/IASF–Milano, via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy
⁵ CIFS–Torino, Viale Settimio Severo 3, 10133 Torino, Italy
⁶ Dip. di Fisica and INFN Trieste, via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
⁷ INFN–Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
⁸ Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica, Universitá di Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
⁹ ENEA–Bologna, via Biancafarina 2521, 40059 Medicica (BO), Italy
¹⁰ INFN–Roma “La Sapienza”, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
¹¹ INFN–Roma “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
¹² Dip. di Fisica, Univ. dell'Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
¹³ ENEA–Roma, via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
¹⁴ ASI–ASDC, via G. Galilei, 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy

Received: 30 July 2008
Accepted: 13 August 2008

Abstract

Context. We present the AGILE gamma-ray observations of the field containing the puzzling gamma-ray source 3EG J1835+5918. This source is one of the most remarkable unidentified EGRET sources.

Aims. An unprecedentedly long AGILE monitoring of this source yields important information on the positional error box, flux evolution, and spectrum.

Methods. 3EG J1835+5918 has been in the AGILE field of view several times in 2007 and 2008 for a total observing time of 138 days from 2007 Sep. 04 to 2008 June 30 encompassing several weeks of continuous coverage.

Results. With an exposure time approximately twice that of EGRET, AGILE confirms the existence of a prominent gamma-ray source (AGL J1836+5926) at a position consistent with that of EGRET, although with a remarkably lower average flux value for photon energies greater than 100 MeV. A 5-day bin temporal analysis of the whole data set of AGL J1836+5926 shows some evidence for variability of the gamma-ray flux. The source spectrum between 100 MeV and 1 GeV can be fitted with a power law with photon index in the range 1.6–1.7, fully consistent with the EGRET value.

Conclusions. The faint X-ray source RX J1836.2+5925 that has been proposed as a possible counterpart of 3EG J1835+5918 is well within the AGILE error box. Future continuous monitoring (both by AGILE and GLAST) is needed to confirm the gamma-ray flux variability and to unveil the source origin, a subject that is currently being pursued through a multiwavelength search for counterparts.