Near-infrared study of southern massive star formation regions

The case of IRAS 16571-4029 source

Resident Astronomer at Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) Telescope, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile e-mail: aroman@ctio.noao.edu

Received: 7 September 2006
Accepted: 8 May 2007

Abstract

Context.We present the results of a near-infrared survey of the young stellar cluster associated with the IRAS 16571-4029 source.

Aims.The main purpose of this survey is to study the cluster members and find the ionizing sources of the associated HII region.

Methods.The stellar population was studied by using color–color and color–magnitude diagrams, as well as by analysing the spectral energy distributions in the near- and mid-infrared wavelengths. The extended emission was studied by the construction of contour diagrams, which were compared with near- and mid-infrared images. We computed the corresponding number of Lyman continuum photons (using the integrated Brγ flux density) and compared it with that obtained from the 5 GHz flux density to derive a mean visual extinction.

Results.NIR observations in the direction of RCW116B reveal the presence of a young cluster of massive stars coincident with the IRAS 16571-4029 source. These observations, together with published radio data, MSX, and Spitzer images were used to determine some of the physical parameters of the region.
We found 102 cluster member candidates in an area of about 3 3 square arcmin, the majority of them showing excess emission in the NIR.
We found that IRAS 16571-4029 is formed by multiple infrared sources, all but one are associated with small groups of stars. This suggests that the fragmentation of massive molecular clouds generates the massive sub-clusters.
We derived a mean visual extinction of . This result is independent of the assumed distance and agrees with the mean visual extinction , as obtained by previous spectroscopic observations of two NIR sources in the direction of the IRAS 16571-4029 source.
We also compare the results obtained in this study with those obtained in previous papers in this series finding a very good correlation between the number of cluster members N_s and the cluster radius r_c. The cluster radius varies from 0.2-0.3 pc (IRAS 15411-5352 and IRAS 16132-5039) until about 1 pc (IRAS 15408-5356).
The youngest clusters are those associated with the RCW95 complex (IRAS 15408-5356 and IRAS 15411-5353) with ages in the range 1.5-2 10⁶ years, while the sources associated with the RCW106 (IRAS 16132-5039, IRAS 16177-5018) and RCW116B (IRAS 16571-4029) complexes have ages in the range 2.5-3 10⁶ years. The oldest of them is the cluster associated with the RCW121 region (IRAS 17149-4029), which has an estimated age of 4.2 10⁶ years.