Issue |
A&A
Volume 438, Number 1, July IV 2005
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 291 - 300 | |
Section | Stellar atmospheres | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20052732 | |
Published online | 06 July 2005 |
X-ray observations of the old open stellar cluster NGC 188
European Space Agency, ESTEC - Postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands e-mail: pgondoin@rssd.esa.int
Received:
20
January
2005
Accepted:
21
February
2005
I present the analysis results from XMM-Newton observations of the old open stellar cluster NGC 188, which has an age of about 7 Gyr and a near solar metallicity. 58 X-ray sources were detected in the field of view of the EPIC MOS and pn cameras, and 46 sources are new X-ray detections. Visible counterparts were found for 20 sources including the variable star WV 28, the W UMa-type binaries V371 Cep and V372 Cep, and the red giant V11. 9 X-ray sources are identified with probable cluster non-members, while 43 X-ray sources are of unknown membership. X-ray emission was detected from 6 stars with high membership probability above a luminosity threshold of 1030 erg s-1. This indicates the presence of very active late-type stars in NGC 188 in spite of its old age. The HR diagram positions of two of these stars just above the main sequence are reminiscent of those for W Ursae Majoris-type contact binaries. Two other sources could be either members of close binary systems or the product of the coalescence of W UMa type binaries into single stars. One X-ray source in NGC 188 is located at the bottom of the red giant branch in an evolutionary status similar to that of an FK Comae-type star. Another X-ray source detected in NGC 188 has the HR diagram position of an M type star. Its X-ray to bolometric luminosity ratio, greater than the canonical 10-3 saturation level, suggests that the star was flaring during XMM-Newton observations. M stars are most likely the most numerous X-ray sources in NGC 188 at lower X-ray luminosity thresholds.
Key words: open clusters and associations: general / stars: activity / stars: coronae / stars: evolution / X-rays: stars
© ESO, 2005
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.