Detection of 75+ pulsation frequencies in the δ Scuti star FG Virginis

¹ Institut für Astronomie der Universität Wien, Türkenschanzstr. 17, 1180 Wien, Austria e-mail: michel.breger@univie.ac.at
² Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
³ Theoretical Astrophysics Programme, University of the North-West, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
⁴ Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, CSIC, Apdo 3004, 18080 Granada, Spain

Received: 3 December 2004
Accepted: 31 January 2005

Abstract

Extensive photometric multisite campaigns of the δ Scuti variable FG Vir are presented. For the years 2003 and 2004, 926 h of photometry at the millimag precision level were obtained. The combinations with earlier campaigns lead to excellent frequency resolution and high signal/noise. A multifrequency analysis yields 79 frequencies. This represents a new record for this type of star. The modes discovered earlier were confirmed.
Pulsation occurs over a wide frequency band from 5.7 to 44.3 c/d with amplitudes of 0.2 mmag or larger. Within this wide band the frequencies are not distributed at random, but tend to cluster in groups. A similar feature is seen in the power spectrum of the residuals after 79 frequencies are prewhitened. This indicates that many additional modes are excited. The interpretation is supported by a histogram of the photometric amplitudes, which shows an increase of modes with small amplitudes. The old question of the “missing modes” may be answered now: the large number of detected frequencies as well as the large number of additional frequencies suggested by the power spectrum of the residuals confirms the theoretical prediction of a large number of excited modes.
FG Vir shows a number of frequency combinations of the dominant mode at 12.7162 c/d () with other modes of relatively high photometric amplitudes. The amplitudes of the frequency sums are higher than those of the differences. A second mode (20.2878 c/d) also shows combinations. This mode of azimuthal order is coupled with two other modes of .