Letter to the Editor

Reconstruction of solar irradiance variations in cycle 23: Is solar surface magnetism the cause?

¹ Max-Planck-Institute for Aeronomy, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany e-mail: solanki@linmpi.mpg.de
² Institute of Astronomy, ETH Zentrum, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland e-mail: fligge@astro.phys.ethz.ch
³ Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, London SW7 2BW, UK e-mail: y.unruh@ic.ac.uk

Corresponding author: N. A. Krivova, natalie@linmpi.mpg.de

Received: 6 November 2002
Accepted: 7 January 2003

Abstract

A model of solar irradiance variations is presented which is based on the assumption that solar surface magnetism is responsible for all total irradiance changes on time scales of days to years. A time series of daily magnetograms and empirical models of the thermal structure of magnetic features (sunspots, faculae) are combined to reconstruct total (and spectral) irradiance from 1996 to 2002. Comparisons with observational data reveal an excellent correspondence, although the model only contains a single free parameter. This provides strong support for the hypothesis that solar irradiance variations are caused by changes in the amount and distribution of magnetic flux at the solar surface.