Binaries discovered by the SPY project^*

II. HE 1414–0848: A double degenerate with a mass close to the Chandrasekhar limit

¹ Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte, Astronomisches Institut der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Sternwartstr. 7, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
² Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
³ Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, CB3 0HA Cambridge, UK
⁴ Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 48 Pyatnitskaya Str., 109017 Moscow, Russia
⁵ Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg 112, 21029 Hamburg, Germany
⁶ European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany

Corresponding author: R. Napiwotzki, napiwotzki@sternwarte.uni-erlangen.de

Received: 19 November 2001
Accepted: 4 March 2002

Abstract

In the course of our search for double degenerate (DD) binaries as potential progenitors of type Ia supernovae with the UVES spectrograph at the ESO VLT (ESO SN Ia Progenitor surveY – SPY) we discovered that the white dwarf HE 1414-0848 is a double-lined DA+DA binary with an orbital period of . Semi-amplitudes of 128 km s^-1 and 100 km s^-1 are derived for the individual components. The amplitude ratio and the measured difference in gravitational redshift is used to estimate the masses of the individual components: and . Hence the total mass of the HE 1414-0848 system is , only 10% below the Chandrasekhar limit. The results of a model atmosphere analysis are consistent with our mass estimated from the orbit. Temperatures of the individual components are also determined. Possible scenarios for the formation of this system are discussed. The system will merge due to loss of angular momentum via gravitational wave radiation after two Hubble times. HE 1414-0848 does not qualify as an SN Ia progenitor, but it is the most massive close DD known today.