| Issue |
A&A
Volume 384, Number 3, March IV 2002
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Page(s) | 1062 - 1085 | |
| Section | The Sun | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20020109 | |
| Published online | 15 March 2002 | |
The 3-D ionization structure of the planetary nebula NGC 6565 *
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy
Corresponding author: M. Turatto, turatto@pd.astro.it
Received:
26
November
2001
Accepted:
21
January
2002
A detailed study of the planetary nebula
NGC 6565 has been carried out on long-slit echellograms
(λ/
,
spectral range = 
3900–7750 Å) at six, equally spaced position angles.
The expansion velocity field, the
c(Hβ) distribution and the radial profile of the physical
conditions (electron temperature and density) are obtained. The
distance, radius, mass and filling factor of the nebula and the
temperature and luminosity of the central star are derived. The radial
ionization structure is analyzed using both the classical method and
the photo-ionization code CLOUDY. Moreover, we present the spatial
structure in a series of images from different directions, allowing
the reader to “see” the nebula in 3-D.
NGC 6565 results to be a young
(2000–2500 years), patchy, optically thick triaxial ellipsoid (
arcsec, 
, 
) projected almost pole-on. The matter close to
major axis was swept-up by some accelerating agent (fast wind? ionization?
magnetic fields?), forming two faint and asymmetric
polar cups. A large cocoon of almost neutral gas completely embeds
the ionized nebula. NGC 6565 is in a recombination phase, because of
the luminosity drop of the massive powering star, which is reaching
the white dwarf domain (
K; 
).
The stellar decline started about 1000 years
ago, but the main nebula remained optically thin for other 600 years
before the recombination phase occurred. In the near future the
ionization front will re-grow, since the dilution factor due to the
expansion will prevail on the slower and slower stellar decline.
NGC 6565 is at a distance of 2.0 (±0.5) kpc and can be divided into
three radial zones: the “fully ionized” one, extending up to
0.029–0.035 pc at the equator (0.050 pc at the poles), the
“transition” one, up to 0.048–0.054 pc (0.080 pc), the “halo”,
detectable up to 0.110 pc. The ionized mass (
0.03 
)
is only a fraction of the total mass (≥0.15 ), which has
been ejected by an equatorial enhanced superwind of
4 (±
yr-1 lasted for
4 (±
years.
Key words: planetary nebulae: individual: NGC 6565 / ISM: kinematics and dynamics
Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Observatories, under programme ID 65.I-0524, and on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Institute (observing program GO 7501; P.I. Arsen Hajian). STScI is operated by the association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under the NASA contract NAS 5-26555. We have applied the photoionization code CLOUDY, developed at the Institute of Astronomy of the Cambridge University.
© ESO, 2002
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.