Evidence for a connection between photospheric and wind structure in HD 64760 ^*

¹ European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile
² Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
³ Landessternwarte Heidelberg, Königstuhl 12, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany

Corresponding author: A. Kaufer, akaufer@eso.org

Received: 2 August 2001
Accepted: 16 November 2001

Abstract

We report on the results of an extended optical spectroscopic monitoring campaign on the early-type B supergiant HD 64760 (B0.5 Ib). The study is based on high-resolution echelle spectra obtained with the Landessternwarte Heidelberg's Heros instrument at ESO La Silla. Ninety-nine spectra were collected over 103 nights between January 19 and May 1, 1996. The Hα line shows a characteristic profile with a central photospheric absorption superimposed by symmetrically blue- and red-shifted wind-emission humps. The time-averaged line profile is well described by a differentially rotating and expanding radiation-driven wind: the redistribution of the wind emission flux into a double peak profile is interpreted in terms of the resonance zone effect in rotating winds as first described by Petrenz & Puls ([CITE]). Detailed time-series analyses of the line profile variations across the Hα profile reveal for the first time in an optical data set of HD 64760 a periodic 2.4-day modulation of the inner and outer flanks of the Hα emission humps. The stronger modulations of the inner flanks of the emission humps at photospheric velocities are due to complex width variations of the underlying photospheric Hα profile. The weaker variations of the outer flanks are in phase and reflect variations at the base of the stellar wind. The detected 2.4-day modulation period together with a second period of 1.2 days (in the red emission hump only) is in excellent agreement with the outer-wind modulation periods as reported by Fullerton et al. ([CITE]) from intensive IUE UV time-series observations in 1993 and 1995. The 2.4-day period is further detected in the photospheric line as prograde traveling (pseudo-)absorption and emission features. The observed variability pattern is indicative for low-order non-radial pulsations in the photosphere of HD 64760. The non-radial pulsations are identified as the source of persistent, regularly spaced stellar surface structure which is maintained throughout the photosphere – wind transition zone (this work) out into the UV regime of the terminal velocity outflow.