ESO imaging survey^*

Pre-FLAMES survey: Observations of selected stellar fields

¹ European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany
² Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universitá di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy
³ Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
⁴ Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Campus Universitário, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
⁵ Observatório Nacional, Rua Gen. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janerio, R.J., Brasil
⁶ Max-Planck Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany

Corresponding author: Y. Momany, ymomany@eso.org

Received: 30 July 2001
Accepted: 18 September 2001

Abstract

This paper presents the first set of fully calibrated images and associated stellar catalogs of the Pre-FLAMES survey being carried out by the ESO Imaging Survey (EIS) project. The primary goal of this survey is to provide the ESO community with data sets from which suitable target lists can be extracted for follow-up observations with the new VLT facility FLAMES (Fiber Large Array Multi Element Spectrograph). For this purpose, 160 stellar fields have been selected for observations in B, V and I using the Wide Field Imager (WFI) at the MPG/ESO 2.2 m telescope at La Silla. Out of those, over 100 fields have already been observed. The list of selected fields includes open clusters, globular clusters, regions in the Galaxy bulge, dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the vicinity of the Milky Way, contiguous regions of SMC and LMC and few nearby clusters of galaxies. The present paper discusses the results obtained for a small subset of these data, which include four open clusters (M 67, NGC 2477, NGC 2506 and Berkeley 20) and two regions of the SMC. These data have been used to assess the observing strategy adopted, a combination of short- and long-exposures, and to define suitable reduction techniques and procedures for the preparation of input catalogs for FLAMES. In order to minimize light losses due to misplacements of FLAMES fibers, the astrometric calibration of crowded stellar fields is a critical issue. The impact of different swarping techniques and different reference catalogs on the astrometric calibration of the images is evaluated and compared to those of other authors. From this comparison, one finds that both USNO 2.0 and the recently released GSC 2.2 yield comparable results with the positional differences having a rms of about 0.15 arcsec, well within the requirements (0.2 arcsec) specified by the FLAMES science team. The internal accuracy of the astrometry is estimated to be ≲0.1 arcsec, primarily limited by the reference catalog used. The major difference between these catalogs is the systematic variation of the positional residuals as a function of the apparent magnitude of the objects, with the GSC 2.2 yielding by far the best results. The astrometric calibration of the images presented here is based on the USNO 2.0 catalog because not all fields considered are covered by the current release of the GSC 2.2. Future EIS calibrations will be done using the GSC 2.2 catalog. The extraction and photometric measurements of stellar sources are carried out using a PSF fitting technique. Comparison with results available in the literature shows that the photometric measurements are in good agreement, apart from possible zero-point offsets, with the magnitude differences having a scatter of ~0.06 mag at mag. This demonstrates that the data allow for the selection of robust targets down to the expected spectroscopic limit of FLAMES. The combination of catalogs extracted from the short and long-exposures allows one to produce color-magnitude diagrams (CMD) spanning ~13 mag in V and reaching a limiting magnitude of . These data have also been combined with data from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) survey allowing for a better color-based object classification and target selection. The Pre-Flames (PF) survey data meet the requirements of FLAMES, and provide a good starting point for detailed studies of the examined systems. The images and catalogs presented here are publicly available and can be requested from the URL address "http://www.eso.org/eis" .