Submergence of magnetic flux in interaction of sunspot groups

Heliophysical Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, PO Box 30, Debrecen, Hungary

Corresponding author: B. Kálmán, kalman@tigris.klte.hu

Received: 13 December 2000
Accepted: 2 March 2001

Abstract

Submergence of magnetic flux is demonstrated in the process of evolution of sunspot groups NOAA 6850 (26 Sep.-07 Oct. 1991) and 7220/22 (06-17 July 1992). In both cases new magnetic flux emerges immediately behind an existing spotgroup. The new flux does not interact with the old one, as can be seen in YOHKOH X-ray images, so no significant flare activity occurs, although umbrae of different magnetic polarity collide. In both cases the quickly forward moving p-spots of the new flux force the submergence of the f-spots of the older region, these being squeezed from two sides between the old and new p-spots. This leads to the disappearance of about 16 10²¹ Mx of f-polarity in AR 6850. In the case of this region the submerged flux interacts with newly emerging magnetic fields and in the next rotation continues its life as the complex and eruptive AR 6891. In AR 7220/22, spots of both polarities submerge in the intermediate part of the complex between the old leader of AR 7220 and the quickly growing AR 7222, leaving in the next rotation a bipolar-looking group (AR 7248), consisting of two p-polarity spots. So, submergence of magnetic flux due to interaction of old and new activity may play an important role in the decay of sunspot groups.