The formation of spiral arms and rings in barred galaxies

¹ LAM, Observatoire Astronomique de Marseille Provence, CNRS, 2 place Le Verrier, 13248 Marseille Cedex 04, France e-mail: [merce.romerogomez;lia]@oamp.fr
² D.E.I.M., Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, Avd. dels Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
³ I.E.E.C & Dep. Mat. Aplicada I, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain

Received: 19 March 2007
Accepted: 11 May 2007

Abstract

In this and in a previous paper of 2006 [Romero-Gómez et al. 2006, A&A, 453, 39], we propose a theory to explain the formation of both spirals and rings in barred galaxies using a common dynamical framework. It is based on the orbital motion driven by the unstable equilibrium points of the rotating bar potential. Thus, spirals, rings, and pseudo-rings are related to the invariant manifolds associated to the periodic orbits around these equilibrium points. We examine the parameter space of three barred galaxy models and discuss the formation of the different morphological structures according to the properties of the bar model. We also study the influence of the shape of the rotation curve in the outer parts, by making families of models with rising, flat, or falling rotation curves in the outer parts. The differences between spiral and ringed structures arise from differences in the dynamical parameters of the host galaxies. The results presented here will be discussed and compared with observations in a forthcoming paper.