Time series and GLS periodograms of RVs and stellar activity indicators for HIP 41378 from HARPS, HARPS-N, and ESPRESSO. From top to bottom: RVs, FWHM, BIS, CCF contrast, and S-index. Periods of planets b, c, g, d, e and f are shown as grey dashed lines. Stellar rotation periods from photometry and $\log \left(R_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{K}}^{\mathrm{\prime }}\right)$ are indicated as green dotted and solid lines, respectively. Maximum power periods are shown as dark pink lines, with aliases in light pink. False-alarm probabilities at 1% and 10% are indicated with horizontal lines.