Fig. 1.
Download original image
(a) Annual sunspot numbers (ISNv2 in red and 14C-based SN in different shades of blue, as indicated in the legend – U21, U25, and U26 stand for Usoskin et al. 2021, 2025, 2026). The different blue shades correspond only to the origin of the input data and do not reflect separate reconstructions. These SN values are used as input to reconstruct: (b) Total magnetic flux (c) Open solar magnetic flux; (d) Total solar irradiance. The 11-year means for the 14C- and ISNv2-based reconstructions are shown in grey and black, respectively.
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.