Fig. 4.

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Global convective plasma coupling parameter, Γconv, as a function of normalized main-sequence lifetime (t/ttams) for our set of 243 stellar models of 1 M⊙ and different metallicities. Each curve corresponds to a distinct metallicity value, as indicated in the legend. Increasing metallicity leads to higher Γconv values, indicating stronger plasma coupling and more significant collective effects in metal-rich stellar convective zones.
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