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Fig. 5.

Fig. 5. Refer to the following caption and surrounding text.

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Ratio of hadronic gamma rays over hadronic + leptonic gamma rays, R hadronic = F had ( > 100 GeV ) F had ( > 100 GeV ) + F lep ( > 100 GeV ) , Mathematical equation: $ R_\mathrm{{hadronic}}= \frac{F_\mathrm{{had}}( { > } 100 \,\text{ GeV})}{F_\mathrm{{had}}( { > } 100 \,\text{ GeV})+F_\mathrm{{lep}}( { > } 100\,\text{ GeV}),} $ for various values of the shock radius Rsh and ambient density n0. In this figure, the bolometric luminosity is fixed at Lbol = 1043 erg/s, and the electron-to-proton ratio is set to Kep = 10−3. The leptonic gamma-ray flux was computed for an inverse Compton scattering with the Naima code (Kafexhiu et al. 2014; Aharonian et al. 2010) assuming that the electron population follows the same energy distribution as the protons, with the normalization Kep at 1 GeV. The AGN photon field considered is described in Sect. 2, and the maximum energy of electrons was estimated by equating the acceleration timescale to the smaller one between the loss timescale and the UFO age.

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