Phase-aligned radio (red curves) and gamma-ray (grey histograms) pulse profiles. The gamma-ray background level, estimated from the distribution of photon weights as b = ∑_iw_i(1 − w_i)/n_bins, is shown by dashed horizontal black lines. Radio pulse profiles are in arbitrary flux density units, scaled to match the same pulse amplitude as the gamma-ray peak, and with the baseline flux matching the gamma-ray background level.