Isochrones of three hypothetical pulsars. The gray dots show the currently observed population of pulsars. The data are taken from the ANTF pulsar catalog (Manchester et al. 2005). The red stars indicate the birth positions of the hypothetical pulsars. The colored lines indicate isochrones and were calculated for different values of the braking index 2 ≤ n ≤ 5. The dashed black lines from top to bottom indicate the evolution of n = 2, 3, and 5. The shaded orange area indicates the so-called death valley (Rea et al. 2024).