Fig. 16.

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Orientation of image distortion by the ellipsoidal NFW lens, presented in color maps with contours. The parameter combinations are indicated above the panels: the first panel shows the circularly symmetric case with convergence parameter κs = 0.25; the three right panels show the e = 0.9 elliptical case and a sub-umbilic, umbilic, and super-umbilic value of κs. The respective tangential (green) and radial (purple) critical curves are plotted in each panel. The color bar at the right side indicates the orientation angles, the contour values spaced by π/8, plus corresponding tilted-ellipse icons for visual guidance.
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