The Spectra of IceCube Neutrino (SIN) candidate sources - V. Modeling and interpretation of multiwavelength and neutrino data

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Table 2.

Workflow of the leptohadronic model optimization method.

	Step 1	Step 2	Step 3
Processes included	Electron synchrotron	Electron synchrotron Inverse Compton Photon-photon pair production	Electron synchrotron Inverse Compton Photon-photon pair productions Photo-pion production Proton photo-pair production Proton synchrotron
Observational constraints	• Describe synchrotron peak^( * )	• Not overshoot LAT	• Minimize binned $χ_{log}^{2}$ $\chi^2_{\rm log}$ of predicted SED • Neutrino flux consistent with IceCube
Parameters^( † )	$R_{b}^{'}$ $R_{\rm b}^\prime$ (10^15.0 − 10^16.5 cm)	R_diss (1.0–4.0 R_BLR)	$L_{p}^{'}$ $L^\prime_{\rm p}$ ( $10 L_{e}^{'} - 20 L_{Edd} / Γ_{b}$ $10\,L^\prime_{\rm e}{-}20\,L_{\rm Edd}/\Gamma_{\rm b}$ )
	B′ (10^−1.5 − 10^1.0 G)		$γ_{p}^{' \max}$ $\gamma_{\mathrm{p}}^{\prime\,\mathrm{max}}$ (10^4.0 − 10^9.0)
	Γ_b (10^0.5 − 10^1.5)		p_p (1.0–3.0)
	$L_{e}^{'}$ $L^\prime_{\rm e}$ (10³⁹ − 10⁴⁴ erg s⁻¹)
	$γ_{e}^{' \max}$ $\gamma_{\mathrm{e}}^{\prime\,\mathrm{max}}$ (10^3.0 − 10^7.0)
	p_e (1.0–3.0)

Notes. ^( * )The synchrotron peak frequency and flux are required to lie within the derived boundaries, as shown in Fig. 3, according to the method described in Section 2.3. ^( † )The parameters whose boundary values are indicated in the format 10^x were scanned in logarithmic space due to their search range spanning several orders of magnitude. The definition of each parameter, as well as the total number of parameter sets tested at each step, are detailed in Section 2.8.

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