Four-of-a-kind? Comprehensive atmospheric characterisation of the HR 8799 planets with VLTI/GRAVITY

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Volume 687 (July 2024)

A&A, 687 (2024) A298

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Table 4

Summary of literature and derived planet properties for HR 8799 e.

Planet	Ref.	Clouds	M (M_Jup)	log g (cgs)	T_eff (K)	R (R_Jup)	[M/H]	C/O	log L_bol/L_⊙
e	B16	ER4	…	3.7–4.1	1200–1300	0.9–1.0	0.5	…	…
	L17	Mie	…	3.8 ± 0.3	1230 ± 30^(a)	1.2 ± 0.1	…	0	…
	G18	Various	…	3.5–1.0	1100–1650	0.6–1.4	…	…	−4.58 to −4.75
	M20	AM01	${4.81}_{- 3.33}^{+ 8.78}$ $\[4.81_{-3.33}^{+8.78}\]$	${4.00}_{- 0.52}^{+ 0.46}$ $\[4.00_{-0.52}^{+0.46}\]$	$1154_{- 48}^{+ 49}$ $\[1154_{-48}^{+49}\]$	${1.12}_{- 0.09}^{+ 0.09}$ $\[1.12_{-0.09}^{+0.09}\]$	${0.48}_{- 0.29}^{+ 0.25}$ $\[0.48_{-0.29}^{+0.25}\]$	${0.60}_{- 0.08}^{+ 0.07}$ $\[0.60_{-0.08}^{+0.07}\]$	…
	W21^(b)	BT-Settl	…	${3.7}_{- 0.1}^{+ 0.3}$ $\[3.7_{-0.1}^{+0.3}\]$	${1345.6}_{- 53.3}^{+ 57.0}$ $\[1345.6_{-53.3}^{+57.0}\]$	…	…	…	…

	Best A ∩ B	AM01	${7.5}_{- 0.6}^{+ 0.6}$ $\[7.5_{-0.6}^{+0.6}\]$	${4.20}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.06}$ $\[4.20_{-0.06}^{+0.06}\]$	$1172_{- 27}^{+ 29}$ $\[1172_{-27}^{+29}\]$	${1.14}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $\[1.14_{-0.05}^{+0.05}\]$	${1.9}_{- 0.1}^{+ 0.1}$ $\[1.9_{-0.1}^{+0.1}\]$	${0.88}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $\[0.88_{-0.02}^{+0.02}\]$	$- {4.71}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.05}$ $\[-4.71_{-0.06}^{+0.05}\]$
	BMA A ∩ B	AM01	${7.5}_{- 0.7}^{+ 0.7}$ $\[7.5_{-0.7}^{+0.7}\]$	${4.20}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.06}$ $\[4.20_{-0.06}^{+0.06}\]$	$1161_{- 34}^{+ 33}$ $\[1161_{-34}^{+33}\]$	${1.12}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $\[1.12_{-0.05}^{+0.05}\]$	${1.9}_{- 0.2}^{+ 0.1}$ $\[1.9_{-0.2}^{+0.1}\]$	${0.88}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $\[0.88_{-0.02}^{+0.02}\]$	$- {4.72}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.06}$ $\[-4.72_{-0.06}^{+0.06}\]$
	A ∩ B	AM01	${7.5}_{- 0.7}^{+ 0.7}$ $\[7.5_{-0.7}^{+0.7}\]$	${4.3}_{- 0.1}^{+ 0.1}$ $\[4.3_{-0.1}^{+0.1}\]$	$1198_{- 77}^{+ 41}$ $\[1198_{-77}^{+41}\]$	${1.05}_{- 0.08}^{+ 0.15}$ $\[1.05_{-0.08}^{+0.15}\]$	${1.8}_{- 0.4}^{+ 0.3}$ $\[1.8_{-0.4}^{+0.3}\]$	${0.84}_{- 0.07}^{+ 0.06}$ $\[0.84_{-0.07}^{+0.06}\]$	$- {4.71}_{- 0.08}^{+ 0.07}$ $\[-4.71_{-0.08}^{+0.07}\]$
	Grids	Various	1.07–8.8	3.5–4.5	1100–1400	0.75–1.24	> 1.0	> 0.55	−4.70 to −4.78

Notes. ^(a) Only T_int, a model parameter, is reported.^(b) W21 used high resolution spectroscopy, and did not infer masses or radii, using masses of 7.2 ± 0.7 M_Jup for the inner three planets and 5.8 ± 0.5 M_Jup for HR 8799 b. A radius of 1.2 ± 0.1 R_Jup was used for all planets.

References. B16: Bonnefoy et al. (2016); L17: Lavie et al. (2017); G18: Greenbaum et al. (2018); M20: Mollière et al. (2020); W21: Wang et al. (2021b).

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