Fig. 5

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Histograms of the (left) gas column density N(H2) and (right) gas kinetic temperature TK distributions detected at low spatial resolution (Herschel or IRAM-30m) within the central 1.5×1.5 pc2 (~700×700 arcsec2) of all regions part of the EMERGE Early ALMA Survey (see also Tables 1 and 2). From top to bottom: OMC-1, OMC-2, OMC-3, OMC-4 South, LDN 1641N, NGC 2023, and Flame Nebula. Positions showing detected emission above the first contour in Fig. 4 (and Figs. B.1–B.6) of HNC (black dashed lines), N2H+ (black solid lines), and HC3N (black dotted lines), as well as including protostars (hatched gray areas) are highlighted in all histograms. A vertical gray dashed line in the N(H2) histograms indicates the minimum column density of 1023.4 cm−2 (or 1 g cm−2) needed to form a high-mass star (Krumholz & McKee 2008).
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