Pipeline to prepare the training data for FORSE+D (upper row, from left to right) and post-processing to transform the output patches from FORSE+D into the full-sky map at 3′ in the HEALPix format (lower row, from right to left). 174 in the upper right corner of each tile means the number of images. The first number beneath the images indicates the number of pixels on each side of the image and the second expression has the same subscript and superscript as that described in Sect. 2.1. We note that after the “Dividing” and before the “Composing” steps, each original image was divided into 49 sub-patches, with a side length of 5°. At the end, all the flat patches were reprojected onto a HEALPix map with N_side equal to 4096.